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Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)
In the last decades, the use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research has increased. Anaesthesia is daily used in fish during experimental procedures to avoid discomfort, stress or pain. Also, fish welfare and the reliability of results can be compromised if an unsuitable anaesthetic protoc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5963751/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29787611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197846 |
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author | Martins, Tânia Diniz, Enoque Félix, Luís M. Antunes, Luís |
author_facet | Martins, Tânia Diniz, Enoque Félix, Luís M. Antunes, Luís |
author_sort | Martins, Tânia |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the last decades, the use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research has increased. Anaesthesia is daily used in fish during experimental procedures to avoid discomfort, stress or pain. Also, fish welfare and the reliability of results can be compromised if an unsuitable anaesthetic protocol is used. Therefore, we aimed to refine anaesthetic protocols to be used in adult zebrafish by evaluating the efficacy of different anaesthetics, used alone or in combination. For that, zebrafish were randomly assigned to 8 different groups: 100 μg/mLMS-222 (MS); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate (E); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (E+L); 1.25 μg/mL propofol (P); 1.25 μg/mL propofol + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (P+L); 100 μg/mL ketamine (K); 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine (K+M); and 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine/3.125 μg/mL atipamezole (K+M/A). The animals were placed in an anaesthetic water bath, then, the following parameters were registered: time for equilibrium loss and anaesthesia induction, loss of sensitivity to soft and painful stimuli, respiratory rate, recovery time, and activity after recovery. The combined forms of E+L, P+L and K+M were the fastest to induce a surgical anaesthetic stage. Nevertheless, E+L induced respiratory depression, while K+M was shown to have the longer recovery time compared to MS-222, even when atipamezole was added. In conclusion, the P+L combination was shown to provide good anaesthesia with analgesia, without causing a major respiratory depression, providing as well a quick recovery, similar to MS-222. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5963751 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59637512018-06-02 Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) Martins, Tânia Diniz, Enoque Félix, Luís M. Antunes, Luís PLoS One Research Article In the last decades, the use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research has increased. Anaesthesia is daily used in fish during experimental procedures to avoid discomfort, stress or pain. Also, fish welfare and the reliability of results can be compromised if an unsuitable anaesthetic protocol is used. Therefore, we aimed to refine anaesthetic protocols to be used in adult zebrafish by evaluating the efficacy of different anaesthetics, used alone or in combination. For that, zebrafish were randomly assigned to 8 different groups: 100 μg/mLMS-222 (MS); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate (E); 0.2 μg/mL etomidate + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (E+L); 1.25 μg/mL propofol (P); 1.25 μg/mL propofol + 100 μg/mL lidocaine (P+L); 100 μg/mL ketamine (K); 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine (K+M); and 100 μg/mL ketamine + 1.25 μg/mL medetomidine/3.125 μg/mL atipamezole (K+M/A). The animals were placed in an anaesthetic water bath, then, the following parameters were registered: time for equilibrium loss and anaesthesia induction, loss of sensitivity to soft and painful stimuli, respiratory rate, recovery time, and activity after recovery. The combined forms of E+L, P+L and K+M were the fastest to induce a surgical anaesthetic stage. Nevertheless, E+L induced respiratory depression, while K+M was shown to have the longer recovery time compared to MS-222, even when atipamezole was added. In conclusion, the P+L combination was shown to provide good anaesthesia with analgesia, without causing a major respiratory depression, providing as well a quick recovery, similar to MS-222. Public Library of Science 2018-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5963751/ /pubmed/29787611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197846 Text en © 2018 Martins et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Martins, Tânia Diniz, Enoque Félix, Luís M. Antunes, Luís Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title | Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title_full | Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title_short | Evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
title_sort | evaluation of anaesthetic protocols for laboratory adult zebrafish (danio rerio) |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5963751/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29787611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197846 |
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