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Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development
Craniofacial development is an extraordinarily complex process requiring the orchestrated integration of multiple specialized tissues such as the surface ectoderm, neural crest, mesoderm, and pharyngeal endoderm in order to generate the central and peripheral nervous systems, axial skeleton, muscula...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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TheScientificWorldJOURNAL
2003
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5974867/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12806110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.11 |
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author | Trainor, Paul A. |
author_facet | Trainor, Paul A. |
author_sort | Trainor, Paul A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Craniofacial development is an extraordinarily complex process requiring the orchestrated integration of multiple specialized tissues such as the surface ectoderm, neural crest, mesoderm, and pharyngeal endoderm in order to generate the central and peripheral nervous systems, axial skeleton, musculature, and connective tissues of the head and face. How do the characteristic facial structures develop in the appropriate locations with their correct shapes and sizes, given the widely divergent patterns of cell movements that occur during head development? The patterning information could depend upon localized interactions between the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues or alternatively, the developmental program for the characteristic facial structures could be intrinsic to each individual tissue precursor. Understanding the mechanisms that control vertebrate head development is an important issue since craniofacial anomalies constitute nearly one third of all human congenital defects. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of neural crest cell patterning and the dynamic nature of the tissue interactions that are required for normal craniofacial development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5974867 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2003 |
publisher | TheScientificWorldJOURNAL |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59748672018-06-10 Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development Trainor, Paul A. ScientificWorldJournal Mini-Review Article Craniofacial development is an extraordinarily complex process requiring the orchestrated integration of multiple specialized tissues such as the surface ectoderm, neural crest, mesoderm, and pharyngeal endoderm in order to generate the central and peripheral nervous systems, axial skeleton, musculature, and connective tissues of the head and face. How do the characteristic facial structures develop in the appropriate locations with their correct shapes and sizes, given the widely divergent patterns of cell movements that occur during head development? The patterning information could depend upon localized interactions between the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues or alternatively, the developmental program for the characteristic facial structures could be intrinsic to each individual tissue precursor. Understanding the mechanisms that control vertebrate head development is an important issue since craniofacial anomalies constitute nearly one third of all human congenital defects. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of neural crest cell patterning and the dynamic nature of the tissue interactions that are required for normal craniofacial development. TheScientificWorldJOURNAL 2003-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5974867/ /pubmed/12806110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.11 Text en Copyright © 2003 Paul A. Trainor. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Mini-Review Article Trainor, Paul A. Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title | Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title_full | Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title_fullStr | Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title_full_unstemmed | Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title_short | Making Headway: The Roles of Hox Genes and Neural Crest Cells in Craniofacial Development |
title_sort | making headway: the roles of hox genes and neural crest cells in craniofacial development |
topic | Mini-Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5974867/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12806110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.11 |
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