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Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway

In diabetes mellitus, the polyol pathway is highly active and consumes approximately 30% glucose in the body. This pathway contains 2 reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. AR reduces glucose to sorbitol at the expense of NADPH, while sorbitol dehydrog...

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Autor principal: Yan, Liang‐jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29863179
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12001
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author Yan, Liang‐jun
author_facet Yan, Liang‐jun
author_sort Yan, Liang‐jun
collection PubMed
description In diabetes mellitus, the polyol pathway is highly active and consumes approximately 30% glucose in the body. This pathway contains 2 reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. AR reduces glucose to sorbitol at the expense of NADPH, while sorbitol dehydrogenase converts sorbitol to fructose at the expense of NAD (+), leading to NADH production. Consumption of NADPH, accumulation of sorbitol, and generation of fructose and NADH have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. In this review, the roles of this pathway in NADH/NAD (+) redox imbalance stress and oxidative stress in diabetes are highlighted. A potential intervention using nicotinamide riboside to restore redox balance as an approach to fighting diabetes is also discussed.
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spelling pubmed-59753742018-05-30 Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway Yan, Liang‐jun Animal Model Exp Med Review Articles In diabetes mellitus, the polyol pathway is highly active and consumes approximately 30% glucose in the body. This pathway contains 2 reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, respectively. AR reduces glucose to sorbitol at the expense of NADPH, while sorbitol dehydrogenase converts sorbitol to fructose at the expense of NAD (+), leading to NADH production. Consumption of NADPH, accumulation of sorbitol, and generation of fructose and NADH have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. In this review, the roles of this pathway in NADH/NAD (+) redox imbalance stress and oxidative stress in diabetes are highlighted. A potential intervention using nicotinamide riboside to restore redox balance as an approach to fighting diabetes is also discussed. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC5975374/ /pubmed/29863179 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12001 Text en © 2018 The Author. Animal Models and Experimental Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Yan, Liang‐jun
Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title_full Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title_fullStr Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title_full_unstemmed Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title_short Redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: Role of the polyol pathway
title_sort redox imbalance stress in diabetes mellitus: role of the polyol pathway
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29863179
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12001
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