Cargando…

Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)

BACKGROUND: After observing differences in the number of reproductive complexes per proglottid within the genus Ligula, the genus Digramma was erected. However, the validity of Digramma has been previously questioned due to a low variability in the cox1, nad1 and ITS rDNA sequences between the two g...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Wen X., Fu, Pei P., Zhang, Dong, Boyce, Kellyanne, Xi, Bing W., Zou, Hong, Li, Ming, Wu, Shan G., Wang, Gui T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29848351
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9
_version_ 1783326973054943232
author Li, Wen X.
Fu, Pei P.
Zhang, Dong
Boyce, Kellyanne
Xi, Bing W.
Zou, Hong
Li, Ming
Wu, Shan G.
Wang, Gui T.
author_facet Li, Wen X.
Fu, Pei P.
Zhang, Dong
Boyce, Kellyanne
Xi, Bing W.
Zou, Hong
Li, Ming
Wu, Shan G.
Wang, Gui T.
author_sort Li, Wen X.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: After observing differences in the number of reproductive complexes per proglottid within the genus Ligula, the genus Digramma was erected. However, the validity of Digramma has been previously questioned due to a low variability in the cox1, nad1 and ITS rDNA sequences between the two genera. We undertook a study to greatly increase the amount of sequence data available for resolution of this question by sequencing and characterizing the complete mitogenomes of Digramma interrupta and Ligula intestinalis. RESULTS: The circular mtDNA molecules of Digramma interrupta and Ligula intestinalis are 13,685 bp and 13,621 bp in size, respectively, both comprising 12 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two mNCRs. Both mitogenomes exhibit the same gene order and share 92.7% nucleotide identity, compared with 85.8–86.5% to the most closely related genus Dibothriocephalus. Each gene from D. interrupta and L. intestinalis is almost of the same size, and the sequence identity ranges from 87.5% (trnD) to 100% (trnH, trnQ and trnV). NCR2 sequences of D. interrupta and L. intestinalis are 249 bp and 183 bp in length, respectively, which contributes to the main difference in length between their complete mitogenomes. A sliding window analysis of the 12 PCGs and two rRNAs indicated nucleotide diversity to be higher in nad5, nad6, nad2, nad4 and cox3, whereas the most conserved genes were rrnL and rrnS. Lower sequence identity was also found in nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6 and cox3 genes between the two diphyllobothriids. Within the Diphyllobothriidae, phylogenetic analysis indicated Ligula and Digramma to be most closely related to one another, forming a sister group with Dibothriocephalus. CONCLUSIONS: Owing to higher nucleotide diversity, the genes nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6 and cox3 should be considered optimal candidates to use as molecular markers for population genetics and species identification between the two closely related species. The phylogenetic results in combination with the comparative analysis of the two mitogenomes, consistently support the congeneric status of L. intestinalis and D. interrupta. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5975392
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-59753922018-05-31 Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) Li, Wen X. Fu, Pei P. Zhang, Dong Boyce, Kellyanne Xi, Bing W. Zou, Hong Li, Ming Wu, Shan G. Wang, Gui T. Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: After observing differences in the number of reproductive complexes per proglottid within the genus Ligula, the genus Digramma was erected. However, the validity of Digramma has been previously questioned due to a low variability in the cox1, nad1 and ITS rDNA sequences between the two genera. We undertook a study to greatly increase the amount of sequence data available for resolution of this question by sequencing and characterizing the complete mitogenomes of Digramma interrupta and Ligula intestinalis. RESULTS: The circular mtDNA molecules of Digramma interrupta and Ligula intestinalis are 13,685 bp and 13,621 bp in size, respectively, both comprising 12 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two mNCRs. Both mitogenomes exhibit the same gene order and share 92.7% nucleotide identity, compared with 85.8–86.5% to the most closely related genus Dibothriocephalus. Each gene from D. interrupta and L. intestinalis is almost of the same size, and the sequence identity ranges from 87.5% (trnD) to 100% (trnH, trnQ and trnV). NCR2 sequences of D. interrupta and L. intestinalis are 249 bp and 183 bp in length, respectively, which contributes to the main difference in length between their complete mitogenomes. A sliding window analysis of the 12 PCGs and two rRNAs indicated nucleotide diversity to be higher in nad5, nad6, nad2, nad4 and cox3, whereas the most conserved genes were rrnL and rrnS. Lower sequence identity was also found in nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6 and cox3 genes between the two diphyllobothriids. Within the Diphyllobothriidae, phylogenetic analysis indicated Ligula and Digramma to be most closely related to one another, forming a sister group with Dibothriocephalus. CONCLUSIONS: Owing to higher nucleotide diversity, the genes nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6 and cox3 should be considered optimal candidates to use as molecular markers for population genetics and species identification between the two closely related species. The phylogenetic results in combination with the comparative analysis of the two mitogenomes, consistently support the congeneric status of L. intestinalis and D. interrupta. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2018-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5975392/ /pubmed/29848351 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Li, Wen X.
Fu, Pei P.
Zhang, Dong
Boyce, Kellyanne
Xi, Bing W.
Zou, Hong
Li, Ming
Wu, Shan G.
Wang, Gui T.
Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title_full Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title_fullStr Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title_full_unstemmed Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title_short Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
title_sort comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera ligula and digramma (cestoda: diphyllobothriidae)
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29848351
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2910-9
work_keys_str_mv AT liwenx comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT fupeip comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT zhangdong comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT boycekellyanne comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT xibingw comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT zouhong comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT liming comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT wushang comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae
AT wangguit comparativemitogenomicssupportssynonymyofthegeneraligulaanddigrammacestodadiphyllobothriidae