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The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys

BACKGROUND: Economic development is known to shift the distribution of obesity from the socioeconomically more advantaged to the less advantaged. We assessed the socioeconomic trends in overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity across a period of significant economic growth. METHODS: We used the Ma...

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Autores principales: Mariapun, Jeevitha, Ng, Chiu-Wan, Hairi, Noran N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Japan Epidemiological Association 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5976871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29657257
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20170001
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author Mariapun, Jeevitha
Ng, Chiu-Wan
Hairi, Noran N.
author_facet Mariapun, Jeevitha
Ng, Chiu-Wan
Hairi, Noran N.
author_sort Mariapun, Jeevitha
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Economic development is known to shift the distribution of obesity from the socioeconomically more advantaged to the less advantaged. We assessed the socioeconomic trends in overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity across a period of significant economic growth. METHODS: We used the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey data sets for the years 1996, 2006, and 2011 to analyze the trends among adults aged 30 years and above. The World Health Organization’s Asian body mass index cut-off points of ≥23.0 kg/m(2) and ≥27.5 kg/m(2) were used to define overweight and obesity, respectively. Abdominal obesity was defined as having a waist circumference of ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women. Household per-capita income was used as a measure of socioeconomic position. As a summary measure of inequality, we computed the concentration index. RESULTS: Women in Peninsular Malaysia demonstrated patterns that were similar to that of developed countries in which the distributions for overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity became concentrated among the poor. For women in East Malaysia, distributions became neither concentrated among the rich nor poor, while distributions for men were still concentrated among the rich. Chinese women, particularly from the richest quintile, had the lowest rates and lowest increase in overweight and obesity. All distributions of Chinese women were concentrated among the poor. The distributions of Malay men were still concentrated among the rich, while distributions for Chinese and Indian men and Malay and Indian women were neither concentrated among the rich nor poor. CONCLUSION: As the country continues to progress, increasing risks of overweight and obesity among the socioeconomically less advantaged is expected.
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spelling pubmed-59768712018-06-07 The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys Mariapun, Jeevitha Ng, Chiu-Wan Hairi, Noran N. J Epidemiol Original Article BACKGROUND: Economic development is known to shift the distribution of obesity from the socioeconomically more advantaged to the less advantaged. We assessed the socioeconomic trends in overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity across a period of significant economic growth. METHODS: We used the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey data sets for the years 1996, 2006, and 2011 to analyze the trends among adults aged 30 years and above. The World Health Organization’s Asian body mass index cut-off points of ≥23.0 kg/m(2) and ≥27.5 kg/m(2) were used to define overweight and obesity, respectively. Abdominal obesity was defined as having a waist circumference of ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women. Household per-capita income was used as a measure of socioeconomic position. As a summary measure of inequality, we computed the concentration index. RESULTS: Women in Peninsular Malaysia demonstrated patterns that were similar to that of developed countries in which the distributions for overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity became concentrated among the poor. For women in East Malaysia, distributions became neither concentrated among the rich nor poor, while distributions for men were still concentrated among the rich. Chinese women, particularly from the richest quintile, had the lowest rates and lowest increase in overweight and obesity. All distributions of Chinese women were concentrated among the poor. The distributions of Malay men were still concentrated among the rich, while distributions for Chinese and Indian men and Malay and Indian women were neither concentrated among the rich nor poor. CONCLUSION: As the country continues to progress, increasing risks of overweight and obesity among the socioeconomically less advantaged is expected. Japan Epidemiological Association 2018-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5976871/ /pubmed/29657257 http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20170001 Text en © 2018 Jeevitha Mariapun et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Mariapun, Jeevitha
Ng, Chiu-Wan
Hairi, Noran N.
The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title_full The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title_fullStr The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title_full_unstemmed The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title_short The Gradual Shift of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity Towards the Poor in a Multi-ethnic Developing Country: Findings From the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Surveys
title_sort gradual shift of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity towards the poor in a multi-ethnic developing country: findings from the malaysian national health and morbidity surveys
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5976871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29657257
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20170001
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