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Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species

Sex chromosomes form once recombination is halted around the sex-determining locus between a homologous pair of chromosomes, resulting in a male-limited Y chromosome. We recently characterized the nascent sex chromosome system in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). The guppy Y is one of the...

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Autores principales: Morris, Jake, Darolti, Iulia, Bloch, Natasha I., Wright, Alison E., Mank, Judith E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29751570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9050238
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author Morris, Jake
Darolti, Iulia
Bloch, Natasha I.
Wright, Alison E.
Mank, Judith E.
author_facet Morris, Jake
Darolti, Iulia
Bloch, Natasha I.
Wright, Alison E.
Mank, Judith E.
author_sort Morris, Jake
collection PubMed
description Sex chromosomes form once recombination is halted around the sex-determining locus between a homologous pair of chromosomes, resulting in a male-limited Y chromosome. We recently characterized the nascent sex chromosome system in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). The guppy Y is one of the youngest animal sex chromosomes yet identified, and therefore offers a unique window into the early evolutionary forces shaping sex chromosome formation, particularly the rate of accumulation of repetitive elements and Y-specific sequence. We used comparisons between male and female genomes in P. reticulata and its sister species, Endler’s guppy (P. wingei), which share an ancestral sex chromosome, to identify male-specific sequences and to characterize the degree of differentiation between the X and Y chromosomes. We identified male-specific sequence shared between P. reticulata and P. wingei consistent with a small ancestral non-recombining region. Our assembly of this Y-specific sequence shows substantial homology to the X chromosome, and appears to be significantly enriched for genes implicated in pigmentation. We also found two plausible candidates that may be involved in sex determination. Furthermore, we found that the P. wingei Y chromosome exhibits a greater signature of repetitive element accumulation than the P. reticulata Y chromosome. This suggests that Y chromosome divergence does not necessarily correlate with the time since recombination suppression. Overall, our results reveal the early stages of Y chromosome divergence in the guppy.
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spelling pubmed-59771782018-05-31 Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species Morris, Jake Darolti, Iulia Bloch, Natasha I. Wright, Alison E. Mank, Judith E. Genes (Basel) Article Sex chromosomes form once recombination is halted around the sex-determining locus between a homologous pair of chromosomes, resulting in a male-limited Y chromosome. We recently characterized the nascent sex chromosome system in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). The guppy Y is one of the youngest animal sex chromosomes yet identified, and therefore offers a unique window into the early evolutionary forces shaping sex chromosome formation, particularly the rate of accumulation of repetitive elements and Y-specific sequence. We used comparisons between male and female genomes in P. reticulata and its sister species, Endler’s guppy (P. wingei), which share an ancestral sex chromosome, to identify male-specific sequences and to characterize the degree of differentiation between the X and Y chromosomes. We identified male-specific sequence shared between P. reticulata and P. wingei consistent with a small ancestral non-recombining region. Our assembly of this Y-specific sequence shows substantial homology to the X chromosome, and appears to be significantly enriched for genes implicated in pigmentation. We also found two plausible candidates that may be involved in sex determination. Furthermore, we found that the P. wingei Y chromosome exhibits a greater signature of repetitive element accumulation than the P. reticulata Y chromosome. This suggests that Y chromosome divergence does not necessarily correlate with the time since recombination suppression. Overall, our results reveal the early stages of Y chromosome divergence in the guppy. MDPI 2018-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5977178/ /pubmed/29751570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9050238 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Morris, Jake
Darolti, Iulia
Bloch, Natasha I.
Wright, Alison E.
Mank, Judith E.
Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title_full Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title_fullStr Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title_full_unstemmed Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title_short Shared and Species-Specific Patterns of Nascent Y Chromosome Evolution in Two Guppy Species
title_sort shared and species-specific patterns of nascent y chromosome evolution in two guppy species
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29751570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9050238
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