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Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis
Paneth cells are major secretory cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn in the small intestine. Our understanding of the diverse roles that Paneth cells play in homeostasis and disease has grown substantially since their discovery over a hundred years ago. Classically, Paneth cells have been char...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977218/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29701691 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10050225 |
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author | Holly, Mayumi K. Smith, Jason G. |
author_facet | Holly, Mayumi K. Smith, Jason G. |
author_sort | Holly, Mayumi K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Paneth cells are major secretory cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn in the small intestine. Our understanding of the diverse roles that Paneth cells play in homeostasis and disease has grown substantially since their discovery over a hundred years ago. Classically, Paneth cells have been characterized as a significant source of antimicrobial peptides and proteins important in host defense and shaping the composition of the commensal microbiota. More recently, Paneth cells have been shown to supply key developmental and homeostatic signals to intestinal stem cells in the crypt base. Paneth cell dysfunction leading to dysbiosis and a compromised epithelial barrier have been implicated in the etiology of Crohn’s disease and susceptibility to enteric bacterial infection. Our understanding of the impact of Paneth cells on viral infection is incomplete. Enteric α-defensins, produced by Paneth cells, can directly alter viral infection. In addition, α-defensins and other antimicrobial Paneth cell products may modulate viral infection indirectly by impacting the microbiome. Here, we discuss recent insights into Paneth cell biology, models to study their function, and the impact, both direct and indirect, of Paneth cells on enteric viral infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5977218 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59772182018-06-01 Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis Holly, Mayumi K. Smith, Jason G. Viruses Review Paneth cells are major secretory cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn in the small intestine. Our understanding of the diverse roles that Paneth cells play in homeostasis and disease has grown substantially since their discovery over a hundred years ago. Classically, Paneth cells have been characterized as a significant source of antimicrobial peptides and proteins important in host defense and shaping the composition of the commensal microbiota. More recently, Paneth cells have been shown to supply key developmental and homeostatic signals to intestinal stem cells in the crypt base. Paneth cell dysfunction leading to dysbiosis and a compromised epithelial barrier have been implicated in the etiology of Crohn’s disease and susceptibility to enteric bacterial infection. Our understanding of the impact of Paneth cells on viral infection is incomplete. Enteric α-defensins, produced by Paneth cells, can directly alter viral infection. In addition, α-defensins and other antimicrobial Paneth cell products may modulate viral infection indirectly by impacting the microbiome. Here, we discuss recent insights into Paneth cell biology, models to study their function, and the impact, both direct and indirect, of Paneth cells on enteric viral infection. MDPI 2018-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC5977218/ /pubmed/29701691 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10050225 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Holly, Mayumi K. Smith, Jason G. Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title | Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title_full | Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title_fullStr | Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title_short | Paneth Cells during Viral Infection and Pathogenesis |
title_sort | paneth cells during viral infection and pathogenesis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977218/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29701691 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10050225 |
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