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Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia
BACKGROUND: Achilles tendons are the most common sites of tendon xanthomas that are commonly caused by disturbance of lipid metabolism. Achilles tendon thickening is the early characteristic of Achilles tendon xanthomas. The relationship between Achilles tendon thickness (ATT) and LDL-C levels, and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5984811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29859112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0765-x |
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author | Wang, Bei Zhang, Qiuwang Lin, Ling Pan, Li-li He, Cheng-yu Wan, Xiang-xin Zheng, Zhi-ang Huang, Zheng-xin Zou, Chao-bao Fu, Ming-chang Kutryk, Michael J. |
author_facet | Wang, Bei Zhang, Qiuwang Lin, Ling Pan, Li-li He, Cheng-yu Wan, Xiang-xin Zheng, Zhi-ang Huang, Zheng-xin Zou, Chao-bao Fu, Ming-chang Kutryk, Michael J. |
author_sort | Wang, Bei |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Achilles tendons are the most common sites of tendon xanthomas that are commonly caused by disturbance of lipid metabolism. Achilles tendon thickening is the early characteristic of Achilles tendon xanthomas. The relationship between Achilles tendon thickness (ATT) and LDL-C levels, and risk factors of ATT in patients with hypercholesterolemia, have thus far been poorly documented. METHODS: A total of 205 individuals, aged 18-75 years, were enrolled from March 2014 to March 2015. According to the LDL-C levels and the “Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults”, all subjects were divided into 3 groups: normal group (LDL-C < 3.37 mmol/L, n = 51); borderline LDL-C group (3.37 mmol/L ≤ LDL-C ≤ 4.12 mmol/L, n = 50); and hypercholesterolemia group (LDL ≥ 4.14 mmol/L, n = 104). ATT was measured using a standardized digital radiography method and the results were compared among the 3 groups. The correlation between ATT and serum LDL-C levels was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation, and the risk factors of ATT were determined by the logistic regression model. RESULTS: ATT in borderline LDL-C group was 8.24 ± 1.73 mm, markedly higher than 6.05 ± 0.28 mm of normal group (P < 0.05). ATT in hypercholesterolemia group was 9.42 ± 3.63 mm which was significantly higher than that of normal group (P < 0.005) and that of borderline LDL-C group (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the serum LDL-C levels and ATT (r = 0.346, P < 0.001). The serum LDL-C level was a risk factor (OR = 1.871, 95% CI: 1.067-3.280) while the levels of HDL-C (OR = 0.099, 95% CI: 0.017-0.573) and Apo AI (OR = 0.035, 95% CI: 0.003-0.412) were protective factors of ATT. CONCLUSIONS: ATT might serve as a valuable auxiliary diagnostic index for hypercholesterolemia and used for the assessment and management of cardiovascular disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5984811 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59848112018-06-07 Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia Wang, Bei Zhang, Qiuwang Lin, Ling Pan, Li-li He, Cheng-yu Wan, Xiang-xin Zheng, Zhi-ang Huang, Zheng-xin Zou, Chao-bao Fu, Ming-chang Kutryk, Michael J. Lipids Health Dis Research BACKGROUND: Achilles tendons are the most common sites of tendon xanthomas that are commonly caused by disturbance of lipid metabolism. Achilles tendon thickening is the early characteristic of Achilles tendon xanthomas. The relationship between Achilles tendon thickness (ATT) and LDL-C levels, and risk factors of ATT in patients with hypercholesterolemia, have thus far been poorly documented. METHODS: A total of 205 individuals, aged 18-75 years, were enrolled from March 2014 to March 2015. According to the LDL-C levels and the “Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults”, all subjects were divided into 3 groups: normal group (LDL-C < 3.37 mmol/L, n = 51); borderline LDL-C group (3.37 mmol/L ≤ LDL-C ≤ 4.12 mmol/L, n = 50); and hypercholesterolemia group (LDL ≥ 4.14 mmol/L, n = 104). ATT was measured using a standardized digital radiography method and the results were compared among the 3 groups. The correlation between ATT and serum LDL-C levels was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation, and the risk factors of ATT were determined by the logistic regression model. RESULTS: ATT in borderline LDL-C group was 8.24 ± 1.73 mm, markedly higher than 6.05 ± 0.28 mm of normal group (P < 0.05). ATT in hypercholesterolemia group was 9.42 ± 3.63 mm which was significantly higher than that of normal group (P < 0.005) and that of borderline LDL-C group (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the serum LDL-C levels and ATT (r = 0.346, P < 0.001). The serum LDL-C level was a risk factor (OR = 1.871, 95% CI: 1.067-3.280) while the levels of HDL-C (OR = 0.099, 95% CI: 0.017-0.573) and Apo AI (OR = 0.035, 95% CI: 0.003-0.412) were protective factors of ATT. CONCLUSIONS: ATT might serve as a valuable auxiliary diagnostic index for hypercholesterolemia and used for the assessment and management of cardiovascular disease. BioMed Central 2018-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5984811/ /pubmed/29859112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0765-x Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Wang, Bei Zhang, Qiuwang Lin, Ling Pan, Li-li He, Cheng-yu Wan, Xiang-xin Zheng, Zhi-ang Huang, Zheng-xin Zou, Chao-bao Fu, Ming-chang Kutryk, Michael J. Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title | Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title_full | Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title_fullStr | Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title_full_unstemmed | Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title_short | Association of Achilles tendon thickness and LDL-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
title_sort | association of achilles tendon thickness and ldl-cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5984811/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29859112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12944-018-0765-x |
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