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Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword?
Vascular calcification (VC) as a manifestation of perturbed mineral balance, is associated with aging, diabetes and kidney dysfunction, as well as poorer patient outcomes. Due to the current limited understanding of the pathophysiology of vascular calcification, the development of effective preventa...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5986531/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29786640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10050652 |
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author | Wang, Jeffrey Zhou, Jimmy J. Robertson, Graham R. Lee, Vincent W. |
author_facet | Wang, Jeffrey Zhou, Jimmy J. Robertson, Graham R. Lee, Vincent W. |
author_sort | Wang, Jeffrey |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vascular calcification (VC) as a manifestation of perturbed mineral balance, is associated with aging, diabetes and kidney dysfunction, as well as poorer patient outcomes. Due to the current limited understanding of the pathophysiology of vascular calcification, the development of effective preventative and therapeutic strategies remains a significant clinical challenge. Recent evidence suggests that traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and dyslipidaemia, fail to account for clinical observations of vascular calcification. Therefore, more complex underlying processes involving physiochemical changes to mineral balance, vascular remodelling and perturbed hormonal responses such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) are likely to contribute to VC. In particular, VC resulting from modifications to calcium, phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis has been recently elucidated. Notably, deregulation of vitamin D metabolism, dietary calcium intake and renal mineral handling are associated with imbalances in systemic calcium and phosphate levels and endothelial cell dysfunction, which can modulate both bone and soft tissue calcification. This review addresses the current understanding of VC pathophysiology, with a focus on the pathogenic role of vitamin D that has provided new insights into the mechanisms of VC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5986531 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59865312018-06-05 Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? Wang, Jeffrey Zhou, Jimmy J. Robertson, Graham R. Lee, Vincent W. Nutrients Review Vascular calcification (VC) as a manifestation of perturbed mineral balance, is associated with aging, diabetes and kidney dysfunction, as well as poorer patient outcomes. Due to the current limited understanding of the pathophysiology of vascular calcification, the development of effective preventative and therapeutic strategies remains a significant clinical challenge. Recent evidence suggests that traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and dyslipidaemia, fail to account for clinical observations of vascular calcification. Therefore, more complex underlying processes involving physiochemical changes to mineral balance, vascular remodelling and perturbed hormonal responses such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) are likely to contribute to VC. In particular, VC resulting from modifications to calcium, phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis has been recently elucidated. Notably, deregulation of vitamin D metabolism, dietary calcium intake and renal mineral handling are associated with imbalances in systemic calcium and phosphate levels and endothelial cell dysfunction, which can modulate both bone and soft tissue calcification. This review addresses the current understanding of VC pathophysiology, with a focus on the pathogenic role of vitamin D that has provided new insights into the mechanisms of VC. MDPI 2018-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5986531/ /pubmed/29786640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10050652 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Jeffrey Zhou, Jimmy J. Robertson, Graham R. Lee, Vincent W. Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title | Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title_full | Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title_fullStr | Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title_short | Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword? |
title_sort | vitamin d in vascular calcification: a double-edged sword? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5986531/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29786640 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10050652 |
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