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Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke
Splenectomy before or immediately after stroke provides early brain protection. This study aims to explore the effect of splenectomy on long-term neurological recovery after stroke, which is currently lacking in the field. Adult male rats were randomized into splenectomy or sham groups and then subj...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
JKL International LLC
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5988601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29896434 http://dx.doi.org/10.14336/AD.2018.0130 |
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author | Ran, Yuanyuan Liu, Zongjian Huang, Shuo Shen, Jiamei Li, Fengwu Zhang, Wenxiu Chen, Chen Geng, Xiaokun Ji, Zhili Du, Huishan Hu, Xiaoming |
author_facet | Ran, Yuanyuan Liu, Zongjian Huang, Shuo Shen, Jiamei Li, Fengwu Zhang, Wenxiu Chen, Chen Geng, Xiaokun Ji, Zhili Du, Huishan Hu, Xiaoming |
author_sort | Ran, Yuanyuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Splenectomy before or immediately after stroke provides early brain protection. This study aims to explore the effect of splenectomy on long-term neurological recovery after stroke, which is currently lacking in the field. Adult male rats were randomized into splenectomy or sham groups and then subjected to 90 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Spleen was removed right upon reperfusion or 3d after MCAO. Infarct volume, neurological functions, and peripheral immune cell populations were assessed up to 28d after stroke. The results show that delayed removal of spleen did not reduce brain tissue loss and showed no effect on sensorimotor function (Rotarod, beam balance, forelimb placing, grid walk, and adhesive removal tests) or cognitive function (Morris water maze). Spleen removal immediately upon reperfusion, although significantly reduced the infarct size and immune cell infiltration 3d after MCAO, also failed to promote long-term recovery. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that immediate splenectomy after MCAO resulted in a prolonged decrease in the percentage of CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) T cells in total lymphocytes as compared to non-splenectomy MCAO rats. In contrast, the percentage of CD3(-)CD45RA(+) B cells was significantly elevated after splenectomy. As a result, the ratio of T/B cells was significantly reduced in stroke rats with splenectomy. In conclusion, delayed splenectomy failed to provide long-term protection to the ischemic brain or improve functional recovery. The acute neuroprotective effect achieved by early splenectomy after stroke cannot last for long term. This loss of neuroprotection might be related to the prolonged disturbance in the T cell to B cell ratio. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5988601 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | JKL International LLC |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59886012018-06-12 Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke Ran, Yuanyuan Liu, Zongjian Huang, Shuo Shen, Jiamei Li, Fengwu Zhang, Wenxiu Chen, Chen Geng, Xiaokun Ji, Zhili Du, Huishan Hu, Xiaoming Aging Dis Orginal Article Splenectomy before or immediately after stroke provides early brain protection. This study aims to explore the effect of splenectomy on long-term neurological recovery after stroke, which is currently lacking in the field. Adult male rats were randomized into splenectomy or sham groups and then subjected to 90 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Spleen was removed right upon reperfusion or 3d after MCAO. Infarct volume, neurological functions, and peripheral immune cell populations were assessed up to 28d after stroke. The results show that delayed removal of spleen did not reduce brain tissue loss and showed no effect on sensorimotor function (Rotarod, beam balance, forelimb placing, grid walk, and adhesive removal tests) or cognitive function (Morris water maze). Spleen removal immediately upon reperfusion, although significantly reduced the infarct size and immune cell infiltration 3d after MCAO, also failed to promote long-term recovery. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that immediate splenectomy after MCAO resulted in a prolonged decrease in the percentage of CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) T cells in total lymphocytes as compared to non-splenectomy MCAO rats. In contrast, the percentage of CD3(-)CD45RA(+) B cells was significantly elevated after splenectomy. As a result, the ratio of T/B cells was significantly reduced in stroke rats with splenectomy. In conclusion, delayed splenectomy failed to provide long-term protection to the ischemic brain or improve functional recovery. The acute neuroprotective effect achieved by early splenectomy after stroke cannot last for long term. This loss of neuroprotection might be related to the prolonged disturbance in the T cell to B cell ratio. JKL International LLC 2018-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5988601/ /pubmed/29896434 http://dx.doi.org/10.14336/AD.2018.0130 Text en Copyright: © 2018 Ran et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Orginal Article Ran, Yuanyuan Liu, Zongjian Huang, Shuo Shen, Jiamei Li, Fengwu Zhang, Wenxiu Chen, Chen Geng, Xiaokun Ji, Zhili Du, Huishan Hu, Xiaoming Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title | Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title_full | Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title_fullStr | Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title_full_unstemmed | Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title_short | Splenectomy Fails to Provide Long-Term Protection Against Ischemic Stroke |
title_sort | splenectomy fails to provide long-term protection against ischemic stroke |
topic | Orginal Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5988601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29896434 http://dx.doi.org/10.14336/AD.2018.0130 |
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