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Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors

Geophysical topographic metrics of local water accumulation potential are freely available and have long been known as high-resolution predictors of where aquatic habitats for immature Anopheles mosquitoes are most abundant, resulting in elevated densities of adult malaria vectors and human infectio...

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Autores principales: Mwakalinga, Victoria M., Sartorius, Benn K. D., Limwagu, Alex J., Mlacha, Yeromin P., Msellemu, Daniel F., Chaki, Prosper P., Govella, Nicodem J., Coetzee, Maureen, Dongus, Stefan, Killeen, Gerry F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society Publishing 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5990771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29892341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161055
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author Mwakalinga, Victoria M.
Sartorius, Benn K. D.
Limwagu, Alex J.
Mlacha, Yeromin P.
Msellemu, Daniel F.
Chaki, Prosper P.
Govella, Nicodem J.
Coetzee, Maureen
Dongus, Stefan
Killeen, Gerry F.
author_facet Mwakalinga, Victoria M.
Sartorius, Benn K. D.
Limwagu, Alex J.
Mlacha, Yeromin P.
Msellemu, Daniel F.
Chaki, Prosper P.
Govella, Nicodem J.
Coetzee, Maureen
Dongus, Stefan
Killeen, Gerry F.
author_sort Mwakalinga, Victoria M.
collection PubMed
description Geophysical topographic metrics of local water accumulation potential are freely available and have long been known as high-resolution predictors of where aquatic habitats for immature Anopheles mosquitoes are most abundant, resulting in elevated densities of adult malaria vectors and human infection burden. Using existing entomological and epidemiological survey data, here we illustrate how topography can also be used to map out the interfaces between wet, unoccupied valleys and dry, densely populated uplands, where malaria vector densities and infection risk are focally exacerbated. These topographically identifiable geophysical boundaries experience disproportionately high vector densities and malaria transmission risk, because this is where Anopheles mosquitoes first encounter humans when they search for blood after emerging or ovipositing in the valleys. Geophysical topographic indicators accounted for 67% of variance for vector density but for only 43% for infection prevalence, so they could enable very selective targeting of interventions against the former but not the latter (targeting ratios of 5.7 versus 1.5 to 1, respectively). So, in addition to being useful for targeting larval source management to wet valleys, geophysical topographic indicators may also be used to selectively target adult Anopheles mosquitoes with insecticidal residual sprays, fencing, vapour emanators or space sprays to barrier areas along their fringes.
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spelling pubmed-59907712018-06-11 Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors Mwakalinga, Victoria M. Sartorius, Benn K. D. Limwagu, Alex J. Mlacha, Yeromin P. Msellemu, Daniel F. Chaki, Prosper P. Govella, Nicodem J. Coetzee, Maureen Dongus, Stefan Killeen, Gerry F. R Soc Open Sci Earth Science Geophysical topographic metrics of local water accumulation potential are freely available and have long been known as high-resolution predictors of where aquatic habitats for immature Anopheles mosquitoes are most abundant, resulting in elevated densities of adult malaria vectors and human infection burden. Using existing entomological and epidemiological survey data, here we illustrate how topography can also be used to map out the interfaces between wet, unoccupied valleys and dry, densely populated uplands, where malaria vector densities and infection risk are focally exacerbated. These topographically identifiable geophysical boundaries experience disproportionately high vector densities and malaria transmission risk, because this is where Anopheles mosquitoes first encounter humans when they search for blood after emerging or ovipositing in the valleys. Geophysical topographic indicators accounted for 67% of variance for vector density but for only 43% for infection prevalence, so they could enable very selective targeting of interventions against the former but not the latter (targeting ratios of 5.7 versus 1.5 to 1, respectively). So, in addition to being useful for targeting larval source management to wet valleys, geophysical topographic indicators may also be used to selectively target adult Anopheles mosquitoes with insecticidal residual sprays, fencing, vapour emanators or space sprays to barrier areas along their fringes. The Royal Society Publishing 2018-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5990771/ /pubmed/29892341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161055 Text en © 2018 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Earth Science
Mwakalinga, Victoria M.
Sartorius, Benn K. D.
Limwagu, Alex J.
Mlacha, Yeromin P.
Msellemu, Daniel F.
Chaki, Prosper P.
Govella, Nicodem J.
Coetzee, Maureen
Dongus, Stefan
Killeen, Gerry F.
Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title_full Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title_fullStr Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title_full_unstemmed Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title_short Topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
title_sort topographic mapping of the interfaces between human and aquatic mosquito habitats to enable barrier targeting of interventions against malaria vectors
topic Earth Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5990771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29892341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161055
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