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Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan
High dietary sodium is recognized as a silent killer responsible for 2.3 million deaths worldwide in 2010 predominantly secondary to hypertension and its complications. Although high salt consumption is considered a worldwide public health problem, its magnitude is highly variable among different co...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5990954/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29865968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2018.1479602 |
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author | Alawwa, Izzat Dagash, Rajaa Saleh, Akram Ahmad, Abdelaziz |
author_facet | Alawwa, Izzat Dagash, Rajaa Saleh, Akram Ahmad, Abdelaziz |
author_sort | Alawwa, Izzat |
collection | PubMed |
description | High dietary sodium is recognized as a silent killer responsible for 2.3 million deaths worldwide in 2010 predominantly secondary to hypertension and its complications. Although high salt consumption is considered a worldwide public health problem, its magnitude is highly variable among different communities; therefore, it is important to study locally. This study aimed to evaluate habitual salt consumption, its important correlations, as well as the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of healthy Jordanian citizens. As potassium consumption is highly correlated and important we aimed to study both jointly. In this descriptive cross-sectional study we enrolled 103 healthy adult Jordanian citizens. All participants were interviewed for questionnaire filling, physical examination, and instructed on proper 24-hour urine collection procedure. We measured sodium and potassium concentration in the provided controlled 24-hour urine collection samples, as it is presently considered the gold standard for evaluating daily intake. The results showed an average sodium intake of 179 mmol (4.1 g) per day [higher in males at 186 mmol (4.3 g) vs. 173 mmol (4.0 g) for females], significantly above the current WHO recommendations, though only 8% regularly add salt to food. Ironically, most participants (82%) believe their salt consumption was appropriate and only 29% thought they may benefit from reducing salt intake. On the other hand, potassium intake is far below the current WHO recommendations. High sodium and low potassium intake have synergistic adverse effects on public health that is not currently addressed in Jordan. We conclude that Jordanian citizens currently consume high sodium and low potassium diet and are mostly unaware of its negative impact on their health. Hence, it is crucial for healthcare providers to intervene and adopt long-term strategies to control salt intake to reduce its negative effects in Jordan and elsewhere. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5990954 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59909542018-06-08 Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan Alawwa, Izzat Dagash, Rajaa Saleh, Akram Ahmad, Abdelaziz Libyan J Med Original Article High dietary sodium is recognized as a silent killer responsible for 2.3 million deaths worldwide in 2010 predominantly secondary to hypertension and its complications. Although high salt consumption is considered a worldwide public health problem, its magnitude is highly variable among different communities; therefore, it is important to study locally. This study aimed to evaluate habitual salt consumption, its important correlations, as well as the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of healthy Jordanian citizens. As potassium consumption is highly correlated and important we aimed to study both jointly. In this descriptive cross-sectional study we enrolled 103 healthy adult Jordanian citizens. All participants were interviewed for questionnaire filling, physical examination, and instructed on proper 24-hour urine collection procedure. We measured sodium and potassium concentration in the provided controlled 24-hour urine collection samples, as it is presently considered the gold standard for evaluating daily intake. The results showed an average sodium intake of 179 mmol (4.1 g) per day [higher in males at 186 mmol (4.3 g) vs. 173 mmol (4.0 g) for females], significantly above the current WHO recommendations, though only 8% regularly add salt to food. Ironically, most participants (82%) believe their salt consumption was appropriate and only 29% thought they may benefit from reducing salt intake. On the other hand, potassium intake is far below the current WHO recommendations. High sodium and low potassium intake have synergistic adverse effects on public health that is not currently addressed in Jordan. We conclude that Jordanian citizens currently consume high sodium and low potassium diet and are mostly unaware of its negative impact on their health. Hence, it is crucial for healthcare providers to intervene and adopt long-term strategies to control salt intake to reduce its negative effects in Jordan and elsewhere. Taylor & Francis 2018-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5990954/ /pubmed/29865968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2018.1479602 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Alawwa, Izzat Dagash, Rajaa Saleh, Akram Ahmad, Abdelaziz Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title | Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title_full | Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title_fullStr | Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title_full_unstemmed | Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title_short | Dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from Jordan |
title_sort | dietary salt consumption and the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of healthy adults: a cross-sectional study from jordan |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5990954/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29865968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2018.1479602 |
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