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Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies

The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in hematological malignancies (HMs) comprises heterogeneous populations of neoplastic and nonneoplastic cells. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), neoplastic cells, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are all components of this micro...

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Autores principales: Laurenzana, Ilaria, Lamorte, Daniela, Trino, Stefania, De Luca, Luciana, Ambrosino, Concetta, Zoppoli, Pietro, Ruggieri, Vitalba, Del Vecchio, Luigi, Musto, Pellegrino, Caivano, Antonella, Falco, Geppino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29977309
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9863194
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author Laurenzana, Ilaria
Lamorte, Daniela
Trino, Stefania
De Luca, Luciana
Ambrosino, Concetta
Zoppoli, Pietro
Ruggieri, Vitalba
Del Vecchio, Luigi
Musto, Pellegrino
Caivano, Antonella
Falco, Geppino
author_facet Laurenzana, Ilaria
Lamorte, Daniela
Trino, Stefania
De Luca, Luciana
Ambrosino, Concetta
Zoppoli, Pietro
Ruggieri, Vitalba
Del Vecchio, Luigi
Musto, Pellegrino
Caivano, Antonella
Falco, Geppino
author_sort Laurenzana, Ilaria
collection PubMed
description The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in hematological malignancies (HMs) comprises heterogeneous populations of neoplastic and nonneoplastic cells. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), neoplastic cells, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are all components of this microenvironment. CSCs are the HM initiators and are associated with neoplastic growth and drug resistance, while HSCs are able to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system; finally, MSCs actively support hematopoiesis. In some HMs, CSCs and neoplastic cells compromise the normal development of HSCs and perturb BM-MSCs. In response, “reprogrammed” MSCs generate a favorable environment to support neoplastic cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an important cell-to-cell communication type in physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, in HMs, EV secretion participates to unidirectional and bidirectional interactions between neoplastic cells and BM cells. The transfer of EV molecular cargo triggers different responses in target cells; in particular, malignant EVs modify the BM environment in favor of neoplastic cells at the expense of normal HSCs, by interfering with antineoplastic immunity and participating in resistance to treatment. Here, we review the role of EVs in BM cell communication in physiological conditions and in HMs, focusing on the effects of BM niche EVs on HSCs and MSCs.
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spelling pubmed-59942642018-07-05 Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies Laurenzana, Ilaria Lamorte, Daniela Trino, Stefania De Luca, Luciana Ambrosino, Concetta Zoppoli, Pietro Ruggieri, Vitalba Del Vecchio, Luigi Musto, Pellegrino Caivano, Antonella Falco, Geppino Stem Cells Int Review Article The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in hematological malignancies (HMs) comprises heterogeneous populations of neoplastic and nonneoplastic cells. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), neoplastic cells, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are all components of this microenvironment. CSCs are the HM initiators and are associated with neoplastic growth and drug resistance, while HSCs are able to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system; finally, MSCs actively support hematopoiesis. In some HMs, CSCs and neoplastic cells compromise the normal development of HSCs and perturb BM-MSCs. In response, “reprogrammed” MSCs generate a favorable environment to support neoplastic cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an important cell-to-cell communication type in physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, in HMs, EV secretion participates to unidirectional and bidirectional interactions between neoplastic cells and BM cells. The transfer of EV molecular cargo triggers different responses in target cells; in particular, malignant EVs modify the BM environment in favor of neoplastic cells at the expense of normal HSCs, by interfering with antineoplastic immunity and participating in resistance to treatment. Here, we review the role of EVs in BM cell communication in physiological conditions and in HMs, focusing on the effects of BM niche EVs on HSCs and MSCs. Hindawi 2018-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5994264/ /pubmed/29977309 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9863194 Text en Copyright © 2018 Ilaria Laurenzana et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Laurenzana, Ilaria
Lamorte, Daniela
Trino, Stefania
De Luca, Luciana
Ambrosino, Concetta
Zoppoli, Pietro
Ruggieri, Vitalba
Del Vecchio, Luigi
Musto, Pellegrino
Caivano, Antonella
Falco, Geppino
Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title_full Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title_fullStr Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title_short Extracellular Vesicles: A New Prospective in Crosstalk between Microenvironment and Stem Cells in Hematological Malignancies
title_sort extracellular vesicles: a new prospective in crosstalk between microenvironment and stem cells in hematological malignancies
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994264/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29977309
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9863194
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