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Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance
Aim: High altitude (HA) hypoxia may affect cognitive performance and sleep quality. Further, vigilance is reduced following sleep deprivation. We investigated the effect on vigilance, actigraphic sleep indices, and their relationships with acute mountain sickness (AMS) during very HA exposure, accli...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29915546 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00677 |
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author | Pun, Matiram Hartmann, Sara E. Furian, Michael Dyck, Adrienna M. Muralt, Lara Lichtblau, Mona Bader, Patrick R. Rawling, Jean M. Ulrich, Silvia Bloch, Konrad E. Poulin, Marc J. |
author_facet | Pun, Matiram Hartmann, Sara E. Furian, Michael Dyck, Adrienna M. Muralt, Lara Lichtblau, Mona Bader, Patrick R. Rawling, Jean M. Ulrich, Silvia Bloch, Konrad E. Poulin, Marc J. |
author_sort | Pun, Matiram |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aim: High altitude (HA) hypoxia may affect cognitive performance and sleep quality. Further, vigilance is reduced following sleep deprivation. We investigated the effect on vigilance, actigraphic sleep indices, and their relationships with acute mountain sickness (AMS) during very HA exposure, acclimatization, and re-exposure. Methods: A total of 21 healthy altitude-naive individuals (25 ± 4 years; 13 females) completed 2 cycles of altitude exposure separated by 7 days at low altitude (LA, 520 m). Participants slept at 2900 m and spent the day at HA, (5050 m). We report acute altitude exposure on Day 1 (LA vs. HA1) and after 6 days of acclimatization (HA1 vs. HA6). Vigilance was quantified by reaction speed in the 10-min psychomotor vigilance test reaction speed (PVT-RS). AMS was evaluated using the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire Cerebral Score (AMS-C score). Nocturnal rest/activity was recorded to estimate sleep duration using actigraphy. Results: In Cycle 1, PVT-RS was slower at HA1 compared to LA (4.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6 s(-1), respectively, p = 0.029), but not at HA6 (4.6 ± 0.7; p > 0.05). In Cycle 2, PVT-RS at HA1 (4.6 ± 0.7) and HA6 (4.8 ± 0.6) were not different from LA (4.8 ± 0.6, p > 0.05) and significantly greater than corresponding values in Cycle 1. In both cycles, AMS scores were higher at HA1 than at LA and HA6 (p < 0.05). Estimated sleep durations (TST) at LA, 1st and 5th nights were 431.3 ± 28.7, 418.1 ± 48.6, and 379.7 ± 51.4 min, respectively, in Cycle 1 and they were significantly reduced during acclimatization exposures (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.012; and 1st vs. 5th night, p = 0.054). LA, 1st and 5th nights TST in Cycle 2 were 477.5 ± 96.9, 430.9 ± 34, and 341.4 ± 32.2, respectively, and we observed similar deteriorations in TST as in Cycle 1 (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.001; and 1st vs. 5th night, p < 0.0001). At HA1, subjects who reported higher AMS-C scores exhibited slower PVT-RS (r = -0.56; p < 0.01). Subjects with higher AMS-C scores took longer time to react to the stimuli during acute exposure (r = 0.62, p < 0.01) during HA1 of Cycle 1. Conclusion: Acute exposure to HA reduces the PVT-RS. Altitude acclimatization over 6 days recovers the reaction speed and prevents impairments during subsequent altitude re-exposure after 1 week spent near sea level. However, acclimatization does not lead to improvement in total sleep time during acute and subacute exposures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5994420 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59944202018-06-18 Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance Pun, Matiram Hartmann, Sara E. Furian, Michael Dyck, Adrienna M. Muralt, Lara Lichtblau, Mona Bader, Patrick R. Rawling, Jean M. Ulrich, Silvia Bloch, Konrad E. Poulin, Marc J. Front Physiol Physiology Aim: High altitude (HA) hypoxia may affect cognitive performance and sleep quality. Further, vigilance is reduced following sleep deprivation. We investigated the effect on vigilance, actigraphic sleep indices, and their relationships with acute mountain sickness (AMS) during very HA exposure, acclimatization, and re-exposure. Methods: A total of 21 healthy altitude-naive individuals (25 ± 4 years; 13 females) completed 2 cycles of altitude exposure separated by 7 days at low altitude (LA, 520 m). Participants slept at 2900 m and spent the day at HA, (5050 m). We report acute altitude exposure on Day 1 (LA vs. HA1) and after 6 days of acclimatization (HA1 vs. HA6). Vigilance was quantified by reaction speed in the 10-min psychomotor vigilance test reaction speed (PVT-RS). AMS was evaluated using the Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire Cerebral Score (AMS-C score). Nocturnal rest/activity was recorded to estimate sleep duration using actigraphy. Results: In Cycle 1, PVT-RS was slower at HA1 compared to LA (4.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6 s(-1), respectively, p = 0.029), but not at HA6 (4.6 ± 0.7; p > 0.05). In Cycle 2, PVT-RS at HA1 (4.6 ± 0.7) and HA6 (4.8 ± 0.6) were not different from LA (4.8 ± 0.6, p > 0.05) and significantly greater than corresponding values in Cycle 1. In both cycles, AMS scores were higher at HA1 than at LA and HA6 (p < 0.05). Estimated sleep durations (TST) at LA, 1st and 5th nights were 431.3 ± 28.7, 418.1 ± 48.6, and 379.7 ± 51.4 min, respectively, in Cycle 1 and they were significantly reduced during acclimatization exposures (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.012; and 1st vs. 5th night, p = 0.054). LA, 1st and 5th nights TST in Cycle 2 were 477.5 ± 96.9, 430.9 ± 34, and 341.4 ± 32.2, respectively, and we observed similar deteriorations in TST as in Cycle 1 (LA vs. 1st night, p > 0.05; LA vs. 5th night, p = 0.001; and 1st vs. 5th night, p < 0.0001). At HA1, subjects who reported higher AMS-C scores exhibited slower PVT-RS (r = -0.56; p < 0.01). Subjects with higher AMS-C scores took longer time to react to the stimuli during acute exposure (r = 0.62, p < 0.01) during HA1 of Cycle 1. Conclusion: Acute exposure to HA reduces the PVT-RS. Altitude acclimatization over 6 days recovers the reaction speed and prevents impairments during subsequent altitude re-exposure after 1 week spent near sea level. However, acclimatization does not lead to improvement in total sleep time during acute and subacute exposures. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5994420/ /pubmed/29915546 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00677 Text en Copyright © 2018 Pun, Hartmann, Furian, Dyck, Muralt, Lichtblau, Bader, Rawling, Ulrich, Bloch and Poulin. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Pun, Matiram Hartmann, Sara E. Furian, Michael Dyck, Adrienna M. Muralt, Lara Lichtblau, Mona Bader, Patrick R. Rawling, Jean M. Ulrich, Silvia Bloch, Konrad E. Poulin, Marc J. Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title | Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title_full | Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title_fullStr | Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title_short | Effect of Acute, Subacute, and Repeated Exposure to High Altitude (5050 m) on Psychomotor Vigilance |
title_sort | effect of acute, subacute, and repeated exposure to high altitude (5050 m) on psychomotor vigilance |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994420/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29915546 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00677 |
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