Primary breast leiomyosarcoma with metastases to the lung in a young adult: Case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION: Primary leiomyosarcomas of the breast are extremely rare. Because of this rarity, only a small number of studies have been published about the disease; diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are not well-described. Our work has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present a 20-year-old female with primary breast leiomyosarcoma who despite mastectomy, developed lung metastases three years later. DISCUSSION: We discuss the rarity of breast leiomyosarcoma and risk of metastatic disease even with treatment. We review the literature and provide an outline of available data to shed light on the best strategies to manage this aggressive disease. CONCLUSION: Physicians and surgeons treating breast leiomyosarcoma must be vigilant of potential lung metastases in order to optimize short- and long-term oncologic outcomes.