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In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215

In many organisms, early embryonic development is characterized by a series of reductive cell divisions that result in rapid increases in cell number and concomitant decreases in cell size. Intracellular organelles, such as the nucleus and mitotic spindle, also become progressively smaller during th...

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Autores principales: Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana, Jevtic´, Predrag, Levy, Daniel L., Gatlin, J. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29851557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-01-0011
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author Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana
Jevtic´, Predrag
Levy, Daniel L.
Gatlin, J. C.
author_facet Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana
Jevtic´, Predrag
Levy, Daniel L.
Gatlin, J. C.
author_sort Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana
collection PubMed
description In many organisms, early embryonic development is characterized by a series of reductive cell divisions that result in rapid increases in cell number and concomitant decreases in cell size. Intracellular organelles, such as the nucleus and mitotic spindle, also become progressively smaller during this developmental window, but the molecular and mechanistic underpinnings of these scaling relationships are not fully understood. For the mitotic spindle, changes in cytoplasmic volume are sufficient to account for size scaling during early development in certain organisms. This observation is consistent with models that evoke a limiting component, whereby the smaller absolute number of spindle components in smaller cells limits spindle size. Here we investigate the role of a candidate factor for developmental spindle scaling, the microtubule polymerase XMAP215. Microinjection of additional XMAP215 protein into Xenopus laevis embryos was sufficient to induce the assembly of larger spindles during developmental stages 6.5, 7, and 8, whereas addition of a polymerase-incompetent XMAP215 mutant resulted in a downward shift in the in vivo spindle scaling curve. In sum, these results indicate that even small cells are able to produce larger spindles if microtubule growth rates are increased and suggest that structural components are not limiting.
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spelling pubmed-59949002018-08-16 In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215 Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana Jevtic´, Predrag Levy, Daniel L. Gatlin, J. C. Mol Biol Cell Brief Reports In many organisms, early embryonic development is characterized by a series of reductive cell divisions that result in rapid increases in cell number and concomitant decreases in cell size. Intracellular organelles, such as the nucleus and mitotic spindle, also become progressively smaller during this developmental window, but the molecular and mechanistic underpinnings of these scaling relationships are not fully understood. For the mitotic spindle, changes in cytoplasmic volume are sufficient to account for size scaling during early development in certain organisms. This observation is consistent with models that evoke a limiting component, whereby the smaller absolute number of spindle components in smaller cells limits spindle size. Here we investigate the role of a candidate factor for developmental spindle scaling, the microtubule polymerase XMAP215. Microinjection of additional XMAP215 protein into Xenopus laevis embryos was sufficient to induce the assembly of larger spindles during developmental stages 6.5, 7, and 8, whereas addition of a polymerase-incompetent XMAP215 mutant resulted in a downward shift in the in vivo spindle scaling curve. In sum, these results indicate that even small cells are able to produce larger spindles if microtubule growth rates are increased and suggest that structural components are not limiting. The American Society for Cell Biology 2018-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5994900/ /pubmed/29851557 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-01-0011 Text en © 2018 Milunovic´-Jevtic´ et al. “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License.
spellingShingle Brief Reports
Milunovic´-Jevtic´, Ana
Jevtic´, Predrag
Levy, Daniel L.
Gatlin, J. C.
In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title_full In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title_fullStr In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title_full_unstemmed In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title_short In vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase XMAP215
title_sort in vivo mitotic spindle scaling can be modulated by changing the levels of a single protein: the microtubule polymerase xmap215
topic Brief Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5994900/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29851557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-01-0011
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