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Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5995163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29617834 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048 |
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author | Hayward, Joshua A Tachedjian, Mary Cui, Jie Cheng, Adam Z Johnson, Adam Baker, Michelle L Harris, Reuben S Wang, Lin-Fa Tachedjian, Gilda |
author_facet | Hayward, Joshua A Tachedjian, Mary Cui, Jie Cheng, Adam Z Johnson, Adam Baker, Michelle L Harris, Reuben S Wang, Lin-Fa Tachedjian, Gilda |
author_sort | Hayward, Joshua A |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes antiviral DNA cytosine deaminases with important roles in the suppression of diverse viruses and genomic parasites. Here, we characterize pteropid APOBEC3 genes and show that species within the genus Pteropus possess the largest and most diverse array of APOBEC3 genes identified in any mammal reported to date. Several bat APOBEC3 proteins are antiviral as demonstrated by restriction of retroviral infectivity using HIV-1 as a model, and recombinant A3Z1 subtypes possess strong DNA deaminase activity. These genes represent the first group of antiviral restriction factors identified in bats with extensive diversification relative to homologues in other mammals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5995163 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-59951632018-06-15 Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity Hayward, Joshua A Tachedjian, Mary Cui, Jie Cheng, Adam Z Johnson, Adam Baker, Michelle L Harris, Reuben S Wang, Lin-Fa Tachedjian, Gilda Mol Biol Evol Discoveries Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes antiviral DNA cytosine deaminases with important roles in the suppression of diverse viruses and genomic parasites. Here, we characterize pteropid APOBEC3 genes and show that species within the genus Pteropus possess the largest and most diverse array of APOBEC3 genes identified in any mammal reported to date. Several bat APOBEC3 proteins are antiviral as demonstrated by restriction of retroviral infectivity using HIV-1 as a model, and recombinant A3Z1 subtypes possess strong DNA deaminase activity. These genes represent the first group of antiviral restriction factors identified in bats with extensive diversification relative to homologues in other mammals. Oxford University Press 2018-07 2018-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5995163/ /pubmed/29617834 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Discoveries Hayward, Joshua A Tachedjian, Mary Cui, Jie Cheng, Adam Z Johnson, Adam Baker, Michelle L Harris, Reuben S Wang, Lin-Fa Tachedjian, Gilda Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title | Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title_full | Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title_fullStr | Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title_full_unstemmed | Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title_short | Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity |
title_sort | differential evolution of antiretroviral restriction factors in pteropid bats as revealed by apobec3 gene complexity |
topic | Discoveries |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5995163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29617834 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048 |
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