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Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity

Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes...

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Autores principales: Hayward, Joshua A, Tachedjian, Mary, Cui, Jie, Cheng, Adam Z, Johnson, Adam, Baker, Michelle L, Harris, Reuben S, Wang, Lin-Fa, Tachedjian, Gilda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5995163/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29617834
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048
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author Hayward, Joshua A
Tachedjian, Mary
Cui, Jie
Cheng, Adam Z
Johnson, Adam
Baker, Michelle L
Harris, Reuben S
Wang, Lin-Fa
Tachedjian, Gilda
author_facet Hayward, Joshua A
Tachedjian, Mary
Cui, Jie
Cheng, Adam Z
Johnson, Adam
Baker, Michelle L
Harris, Reuben S
Wang, Lin-Fa
Tachedjian, Gilda
author_sort Hayward, Joshua A
collection PubMed
description Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes antiviral DNA cytosine deaminases with important roles in the suppression of diverse viruses and genomic parasites. Here, we characterize pteropid APOBEC3 genes and show that species within the genus Pteropus possess the largest and most diverse array of APOBEC3 genes identified in any mammal reported to date. Several bat APOBEC3 proteins are antiviral as demonstrated by restriction of retroviral infectivity using HIV-1 as a model, and recombinant A3Z1 subtypes possess strong DNA deaminase activity. These genes represent the first group of antiviral restriction factors identified in bats with extensive diversification relative to homologues in other mammals.
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spelling pubmed-59951632018-06-15 Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity Hayward, Joshua A Tachedjian, Mary Cui, Jie Cheng, Adam Z Johnson, Adam Baker, Michelle L Harris, Reuben S Wang, Lin-Fa Tachedjian, Gilda Mol Biol Evol Discoveries Bats have attracted attention in recent years as important reservoirs of viruses deadly to humans and other mammals. These infections are typically nonpathogenic in bats raising questions about innate immune differences that might exist between bats and other mammals. The APOBEC3 gene family encodes antiviral DNA cytosine deaminases with important roles in the suppression of diverse viruses and genomic parasites. Here, we characterize pteropid APOBEC3 genes and show that species within the genus Pteropus possess the largest and most diverse array of APOBEC3 genes identified in any mammal reported to date. Several bat APOBEC3 proteins are antiviral as demonstrated by restriction of retroviral infectivity using HIV-1 as a model, and recombinant A3Z1 subtypes possess strong DNA deaminase activity. These genes represent the first group of antiviral restriction factors identified in bats with extensive diversification relative to homologues in other mammals. Oxford University Press 2018-07 2018-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC5995163/ /pubmed/29617834 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Discoveries
Hayward, Joshua A
Tachedjian, Mary
Cui, Jie
Cheng, Adam Z
Johnson, Adam
Baker, Michelle L
Harris, Reuben S
Wang, Lin-Fa
Tachedjian, Gilda
Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title_full Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title_fullStr Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title_full_unstemmed Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title_short Differential Evolution of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors in Pteropid Bats as Revealed by APOBEC3 Gene Complexity
title_sort differential evolution of antiretroviral restriction factors in pteropid bats as revealed by apobec3 gene complexity
topic Discoveries
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5995163/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29617834
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msy048
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