Synchronous Occurrence of Mycosis Fungoides, Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Patients with mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common subtype of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, have an increased risk of developing secondary malignancies. We herein report two rare cases of MF concurring with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (B lymphoid lineage) and acute myeloid leukemia (myeloid lineage) in two otherwise healthy elderly patients. Potential etiologic factors, including the impact of the therapy-associated inflammatory response on the development of secondary tumors in patients with MF, are discussed. Further clinical, experimental and genetic studies are needed to elucidate possible physiopathogenic associations among the three concurrent malignancies occurring in the cases presented here.