宣威烟煤粉尘诱发树鼩支气管粘膜上皮改变的研究

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lung cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality in numerous countries and regions. Establishing an appropriate animal model that can be used to simulate lung cancer etiology, pathogenesis, and similar processes, is urgent. We explore the feasibility of establishing a lung cancer model induced by Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 (particulate matter with diameters of 10 μm or less), which affects bronchial epithelium of tree shrews. METHODS: The neck skin of adult tree shrews is dissected, and the thyroid cartilage is fully exposed. Subsequently, the weak part at the top of the thyroid cartilage is treated with intratracheal agents by perfusion via a special infusion needle puncture method. Regular X-ray examination and lung tissue biopsy were performed on the sacrificed animals to observe changes in pulmonary imaging and bronchial epithelial cells after perfusion. RESULTS: The tree shrews of the experimental group (exposed to bituminous coal dust) died in a week, whereas no animal died until the end of the experiment in the blank control and the solvent control groups. Sections of lung tissue biopsy of the regularly killed tree shrews were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The lung tissues of tree shrews in the experimental group showed changes caused by bronchial epithelial hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, dysplasia, and early invasive carcinoma, whereas no significant pathological changes were observed in the blank control and solvent control groups. CONCLUSION: Endotracheal infusion of Xuanwei bituminous coal dust PM10 induces lung cancer in tree shrews. Thus, the lung cancer model was established.