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Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model

Background: Evans blue dye (EBD) is the most common indicator to analyze the extent of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in several neurological disease models. However, the high-dose of EBD (51.9 mg/kg) is usually required for visualization of blue color by the human eye that brings potential saf...

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Autores principales: Ryu, Hye-Won, Lim, Wonbong, Jo, Danbi, Kim, Subin, Park, Jong Tae, Min, Jung-Joon, Hyun, Hoon, Kim, Hyung-Seok
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6001419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29910674
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.24257
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author Ryu, Hye-Won
Lim, Wonbong
Jo, Danbi
Kim, Subin
Park, Jong Tae
Min, Jung-Joon
Hyun, Hoon
Kim, Hyung-Seok
author_facet Ryu, Hye-Won
Lim, Wonbong
Jo, Danbi
Kim, Subin
Park, Jong Tae
Min, Jung-Joon
Hyun, Hoon
Kim, Hyung-Seok
author_sort Ryu, Hye-Won
collection PubMed
description Background: Evans blue dye (EBD) is the most common indicator to analyze the extent of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in several neurological disease models. However, the high-dose of EBD (51.9 mg/kg) is usually required for visualization of blue color by the human eye that brings potential safety issues. Methods: To solve this problem, low-dose of EBD was applied for the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-assisted quantitation of BBB breakdown in photothrombotic stoke model. Animals were allocated to seven dose groups ranging from 1.35 nmol (5.19 μg/kg) to 13.5 μmol (51.9 mg/kg) EBD. Results: EBD was undetectable in the non-ischemic brain tissue, and the fluorescence signals in the infarcted hemisphere seemed proportional to the injected dose in the dose range. Although the maximum fluorescence signals in brain tissue were obtained with the injections of 1.35 nmol ~ 13.5 μmol EBD, the background signals in the neighboring brain tissues were significantly increased as well. Since the high concentration of EBD is necessary for color-based identification of the infarcted lesion in brain tissues, even 10-fold diluted could not be distinguished visually by naked eye. Conclusions: NIR fluorescence-assisted method could potentially provide new opportunities to study BBB leakage just using small amount of EBD in different pathological conditions and to test the efficacy of various therapeutic strategies to protect the BBB.
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spelling pubmed-60014192018-06-15 Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model Ryu, Hye-Won Lim, Wonbong Jo, Danbi Kim, Subin Park, Jong Tae Min, Jung-Joon Hyun, Hoon Kim, Hyung-Seok Int J Med Sci Research Paper Background: Evans blue dye (EBD) is the most common indicator to analyze the extent of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in several neurological disease models. However, the high-dose of EBD (51.9 mg/kg) is usually required for visualization of blue color by the human eye that brings potential safety issues. Methods: To solve this problem, low-dose of EBD was applied for the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence-assisted quantitation of BBB breakdown in photothrombotic stoke model. Animals were allocated to seven dose groups ranging from 1.35 nmol (5.19 μg/kg) to 13.5 μmol (51.9 mg/kg) EBD. Results: EBD was undetectable in the non-ischemic brain tissue, and the fluorescence signals in the infarcted hemisphere seemed proportional to the injected dose in the dose range. Although the maximum fluorescence signals in brain tissue were obtained with the injections of 1.35 nmol ~ 13.5 μmol EBD, the background signals in the neighboring brain tissues were significantly increased as well. Since the high concentration of EBD is necessary for color-based identification of the infarcted lesion in brain tissues, even 10-fold diluted could not be distinguished visually by naked eye. Conclusions: NIR fluorescence-assisted method could potentially provide new opportunities to study BBB leakage just using small amount of EBD in different pathological conditions and to test the efficacy of various therapeutic strategies to protect the BBB. Ivyspring International Publisher 2018-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6001419/ /pubmed/29910674 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.24257 Text en © Ivyspring International Publisher This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Ryu, Hye-Won
Lim, Wonbong
Jo, Danbi
Kim, Subin
Park, Jong Tae
Min, Jung-Joon
Hyun, Hoon
Kim, Hyung-Seok
Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title_full Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title_fullStr Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title_full_unstemmed Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title_short Low-Dose Evans Blue Dye for Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Photothrombotic Stroke Model
title_sort low-dose evans blue dye for near-infrared fluorescence imaging in photothrombotic stroke model
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6001419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29910674
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.24257
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