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Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases

Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is a gamma-herpes virus that infects 90% of humans without any symptoms in most cases, but has an oncogenic potential, especially in immunocompromised individuals. In the past 30 years, several primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with a high risk to develop EBV-asso...

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Autores principales: Latour, Sylvain, Winter, Sarah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6004768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29942301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01103
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author Latour, Sylvain
Winter, Sarah
author_facet Latour, Sylvain
Winter, Sarah
author_sort Latour, Sylvain
collection PubMed
description Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is a gamma-herpes virus that infects 90% of humans without any symptoms in most cases, but has an oncogenic potential, especially in immunocompromised individuals. In the past 30 years, several primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with a high risk to develop EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), essentially consisting of virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, non-malignant and malignant B-cell LPDs including non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin’s types of B lymphomas have been characterized. Among them are SH2D1A (SAP), XIAP, ITK, MAGT1, CD27, CD70, CTPS1, RASGRP1, and CORO1A deficiencies. Penetrance of EBV infection ranges from 50 to 100% in those PIDs. Description of large cohorts and case reports has refined the specific phenotypes associated with these PIDs helping to the diagnosis. Specific pathways required for protective immunity to EBV have emerged from studies of these PIDs. SLAM-associated protein-dependent SLAM receptors and MAGT1-dependent NKG2D pathways are important for T and NK-cell cytotoxicity toward EBV-infected B-cells, while CD27–CD70 interactions are critical to drive the expansion of EBV-specific T-cells. CTPS1 and RASGRP1 deficiencies further strengthen that T-lymphocyte expansion is a key step in the immune response to EBV. These pathways appear to be also important for the anti-tumoral immune surveillance of abnormal B cells. Monogenic PIDs should be thus considered in case of any EBV-associated LPDs.
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spelling pubmed-60047682018-06-25 Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases Latour, Sylvain Winter, Sarah Front Immunol Immunology Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is a gamma-herpes virus that infects 90% of humans without any symptoms in most cases, but has an oncogenic potential, especially in immunocompromised individuals. In the past 30 years, several primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with a high risk to develop EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), essentially consisting of virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, non-malignant and malignant B-cell LPDs including non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin’s types of B lymphomas have been characterized. Among them are SH2D1A (SAP), XIAP, ITK, MAGT1, CD27, CD70, CTPS1, RASGRP1, and CORO1A deficiencies. Penetrance of EBV infection ranges from 50 to 100% in those PIDs. Description of large cohorts and case reports has refined the specific phenotypes associated with these PIDs helping to the diagnosis. Specific pathways required for protective immunity to EBV have emerged from studies of these PIDs. SLAM-associated protein-dependent SLAM receptors and MAGT1-dependent NKG2D pathways are important for T and NK-cell cytotoxicity toward EBV-infected B-cells, while CD27–CD70 interactions are critical to drive the expansion of EBV-specific T-cells. CTPS1 and RASGRP1 deficiencies further strengthen that T-lymphocyte expansion is a key step in the immune response to EBV. These pathways appear to be also important for the anti-tumoral immune surveillance of abnormal B cells. Monogenic PIDs should be thus considered in case of any EBV-associated LPDs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6004768/ /pubmed/29942301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01103 Text en Copyright © 2018 Latour and Winter. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Latour, Sylvain
Winter, Sarah
Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title_full Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title_fullStr Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title_short Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein–Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases
title_sort inherited immunodeficiencies with high predisposition to epstein–barr virus-driven lymphoproliferative diseases
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6004768/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29942301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01103
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