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The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia

Traditionally, attention was thought to be directed by either top-down goals or bottom-up salience. Recent studies have shown that the reward history of a stimulus feature also acts as a powerful attentional cue. This is particularly relevant in schizophrenia, which is characterized by motivational...

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Autores principales: Bansal, Sonia, Robinson, Benjamin M., Geng, Joy J., Leonard, Carly J., Hahn, Britta, Luck, Steven J., Gold, James M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29928599
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2018.05.001
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author Bansal, Sonia
Robinson, Benjamin M.
Geng, Joy J.
Leonard, Carly J.
Hahn, Britta
Luck, Steven J.
Gold, James M.
author_facet Bansal, Sonia
Robinson, Benjamin M.
Geng, Joy J.
Leonard, Carly J.
Hahn, Britta
Luck, Steven J.
Gold, James M.
author_sort Bansal, Sonia
collection PubMed
description Traditionally, attention was thought to be directed by either top-down goals or bottom-up salience. Recent studies have shown that the reward history of a stimulus feature also acts as a powerful attentional cue. This is particularly relevant in schizophrenia, which is characterized by motivational and attentional deficits. Here, we examine the impact of reward on selective attention. Forty-eight people with schizophrenia (PSZ) and 34 non-psychiatric control subject (NCS) discriminated the location of a target dot appearing inside a left circle or right circle. The circles were different colors, one of which was associated with reward via pre-training. In the first 2 blocks, targets were equally likely to appear in the left or right circle. In the last 4 blocks, the target was 75% likely on one side, thus allowing us to separately examine how attention was impacted by reward (color) and probability (location). PSZ had slower overall reaction times (RTs) than NCS. Both groups showed robust effects of spatial probability and reward history, with faster RTs for the rewarded color and for the more probable location. These effects were similar in PSZ and NCS. Negative symptom severity correlated with overall RT slowing, but there were no correlations between symptoms and reward-associated biasing of attention. PSZ demonstrated RT slowing but normal reward history and spatial probability-driven RT facilitation. These results are conceptually similar to prior findings showing intact implicit reward effects on response bias, and suggest that implicit processing of reward and probability is intact in PSZ.
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spelling pubmed-60070432018-06-20 The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia Bansal, Sonia Robinson, Benjamin M. Geng, Joy J. Leonard, Carly J. Hahn, Britta Luck, Steven J. Gold, James M. Schizophr Res Cogn Article Traditionally, attention was thought to be directed by either top-down goals or bottom-up salience. Recent studies have shown that the reward history of a stimulus feature also acts as a powerful attentional cue. This is particularly relevant in schizophrenia, which is characterized by motivational and attentional deficits. Here, we examine the impact of reward on selective attention. Forty-eight people with schizophrenia (PSZ) and 34 non-psychiatric control subject (NCS) discriminated the location of a target dot appearing inside a left circle or right circle. The circles were different colors, one of which was associated with reward via pre-training. In the first 2 blocks, targets were equally likely to appear in the left or right circle. In the last 4 blocks, the target was 75% likely on one side, thus allowing us to separately examine how attention was impacted by reward (color) and probability (location). PSZ had slower overall reaction times (RTs) than NCS. Both groups showed robust effects of spatial probability and reward history, with faster RTs for the rewarded color and for the more probable location. These effects were similar in PSZ and NCS. Negative symptom severity correlated with overall RT slowing, but there were no correlations between symptoms and reward-associated biasing of attention. PSZ demonstrated RT slowing but normal reward history and spatial probability-driven RT facilitation. These results are conceptually similar to prior findings showing intact implicit reward effects on response bias, and suggest that implicit processing of reward and probability is intact in PSZ. Elsevier 2018-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6007043/ /pubmed/29928599 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2018.05.001 Text en © 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bansal, Sonia
Robinson, Benjamin M.
Geng, Joy J.
Leonard, Carly J.
Hahn, Britta
Luck, Steven J.
Gold, James M.
The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title_full The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title_fullStr The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title_short The impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
title_sort impact of reward on attention in schizophrenia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29928599
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2018.05.001
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