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How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved
CuNi alloy foils are demonstrated to be one of the best substrates for synthesizing large area single‐crystalline graphene because a very fast growth rate and low nucleation density can be simultaneously achieved. The fast growth rate is understood to be due the abundance of carbon precursor supply,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6010776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29938174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700961 |
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author | Liu, Yifan Wu, Tianru Yin, Yuling Zhang, Xuefu Yu, Qingkai Searles, Debra J. Ding, Feng Yuan, Qinghong Xie, Xiaoming |
author_facet | Liu, Yifan Wu, Tianru Yin, Yuling Zhang, Xuefu Yu, Qingkai Searles, Debra J. Ding, Feng Yuan, Qinghong Xie, Xiaoming |
author_sort | Liu, Yifan |
collection | PubMed |
description | CuNi alloy foils are demonstrated to be one of the best substrates for synthesizing large area single‐crystalline graphene because a very fast growth rate and low nucleation density can be simultaneously achieved. The fast growth rate is understood to be due the abundance of carbon precursor supply, as a result of the high catalytic activity of Ni atoms. However, a theoretical understanding of the low nucleation density remains controversial because it is known that a high carbon precursor concentration on the surface normally leads to a high nucleation density. Here, the graphene nucleation on the CuNi alloy surfaces is systematically explored and it is revealed that: i) carbon atom dissolution into the CuNi alloy passivates the alloy surface, thereby drastically increasing the graphene nucleation barrier; ii) carbon atom diffusion on the CuNi alloy surface is greatly suppressed by the inhomogeneous atomic structure of the surface; and iii) a prominent increase in the rate of carbon diffusion into the bulk occurs when the Ni composition is higher than the percolation threshold. This study reveals the key mechanism for graphene nucleation on CuNi alloy surfaces and provides a guideline for the catalyst design for the synthesis of graphene and other 2D materials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6010776 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60107762018-06-22 How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved Liu, Yifan Wu, Tianru Yin, Yuling Zhang, Xuefu Yu, Qingkai Searles, Debra J. Ding, Feng Yuan, Qinghong Xie, Xiaoming Adv Sci (Weinh) Communications CuNi alloy foils are demonstrated to be one of the best substrates for synthesizing large area single‐crystalline graphene because a very fast growth rate and low nucleation density can be simultaneously achieved. The fast growth rate is understood to be due the abundance of carbon precursor supply, as a result of the high catalytic activity of Ni atoms. However, a theoretical understanding of the low nucleation density remains controversial because it is known that a high carbon precursor concentration on the surface normally leads to a high nucleation density. Here, the graphene nucleation on the CuNi alloy surfaces is systematically explored and it is revealed that: i) carbon atom dissolution into the CuNi alloy passivates the alloy surface, thereby drastically increasing the graphene nucleation barrier; ii) carbon atom diffusion on the CuNi alloy surface is greatly suppressed by the inhomogeneous atomic structure of the surface; and iii) a prominent increase in the rate of carbon diffusion into the bulk occurs when the Ni composition is higher than the percolation threshold. This study reveals the key mechanism for graphene nucleation on CuNi alloy surfaces and provides a guideline for the catalyst design for the synthesis of graphene and other 2D materials. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6010776/ /pubmed/29938174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700961 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Communications Liu, Yifan Wu, Tianru Yin, Yuling Zhang, Xuefu Yu, Qingkai Searles, Debra J. Ding, Feng Yuan, Qinghong Xie, Xiaoming How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title | How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title_full | How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title_fullStr | How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title_full_unstemmed | How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title_short | How Low Nucleation Density of Graphene on CuNi Alloy is Achieved |
title_sort | how low nucleation density of graphene on cuni alloy is achieved |
topic | Communications |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6010776/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29938174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700961 |
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