Cargando…

The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2

More understanding of the risk-benefit effect of the glycoalkaloid tomatine is required to be able to estimate the role it might play in our diet. In this work, we focused on effects towards intestinal epithelial cells based on a Caco-2 model in order to analyze the influence on the cell monolayer i...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Arena, Mattia P., Govers, Coen, Lotti, Concetta, Ricciardi, Luigi, Wichers, Harry J., Mes, Jurriaan J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29533987
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030644
_version_ 1783334781062217728
author Arena, Mattia P.
Govers, Coen
Lotti, Concetta
Ricciardi, Luigi
Wichers, Harry J.
Mes, Jurriaan J.
author_facet Arena, Mattia P.
Govers, Coen
Lotti, Concetta
Ricciardi, Luigi
Wichers, Harry J.
Mes, Jurriaan J.
author_sort Arena, Mattia P.
collection PubMed
description More understanding of the risk-benefit effect of the glycoalkaloid tomatine is required to be able to estimate the role it might play in our diet. In this work, we focused on effects towards intestinal epithelial cells based on a Caco-2 model in order to analyze the influence on the cell monolayer integrity and on the expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol/sterol biosynthesis (LDLR), lipid metabolism (NR2F2), glucose and amino acid uptake (SGLT1, PAT1), cell cycle (PCNA, CDKN1A), apoptosis (CASP-3, BMF, KLF6), tight junctions (CLDN4, OCLN2) and cytokine-mediated signaling (IL-8, IL1β, TSLP, TNF-α). Furthermore, since the bioactivity of the compound might vary in the presence of a food matrix and following digestion, the influence of both pure tomatine and in vitro digested tomatine with and without tomato fruit matrix was studied. The obtained results suggested that concentrations <20 µg/mL of tomatine, either undigested or in vitro digested, do not compromise the viability of Caco-2 cells and stimulate cytokine expression. This effect of tomatine, in vitro digested tomatine or in vitro digested tomatine with tomato matrix differs slightly, probably due to variations of bioactivity or bioavailability of the tomatine. The results lead to the hypothesis that tomatine acts as hormetic compound that can induce beneficial or risk toxic effects whether used in low or high dose.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6017573
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60175732018-11-13 The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2 Arena, Mattia P. Govers, Coen Lotti, Concetta Ricciardi, Luigi Wichers, Harry J. Mes, Jurriaan J. Molecules Article More understanding of the risk-benefit effect of the glycoalkaloid tomatine is required to be able to estimate the role it might play in our diet. In this work, we focused on effects towards intestinal epithelial cells based on a Caco-2 model in order to analyze the influence on the cell monolayer integrity and on the expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol/sterol biosynthesis (LDLR), lipid metabolism (NR2F2), glucose and amino acid uptake (SGLT1, PAT1), cell cycle (PCNA, CDKN1A), apoptosis (CASP-3, BMF, KLF6), tight junctions (CLDN4, OCLN2) and cytokine-mediated signaling (IL-8, IL1β, TSLP, TNF-α). Furthermore, since the bioactivity of the compound might vary in the presence of a food matrix and following digestion, the influence of both pure tomatine and in vitro digested tomatine with and without tomato fruit matrix was studied. The obtained results suggested that concentrations <20 µg/mL of tomatine, either undigested or in vitro digested, do not compromise the viability of Caco-2 cells and stimulate cytokine expression. This effect of tomatine, in vitro digested tomatine or in vitro digested tomatine with tomato matrix differs slightly, probably due to variations of bioactivity or bioavailability of the tomatine. The results lead to the hypothesis that tomatine acts as hormetic compound that can induce beneficial or risk toxic effects whether used in low or high dose. MDPI 2018-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6017573/ /pubmed/29533987 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030644 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Arena, Mattia P.
Govers, Coen
Lotti, Concetta
Ricciardi, Luigi
Wichers, Harry J.
Mes, Jurriaan J.
The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title_full The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title_fullStr The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title_short The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2
title_sort effect of tomatine on gene expression and cell monolayer integrity in caco-2
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29533987
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030644
work_keys_str_mv AT arenamattiap theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT goverscoen theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT lotticoncetta theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT ricciardiluigi theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT wichersharryj theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT mesjurriaanj theeffectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT arenamattiap effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT goverscoen effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT lotticoncetta effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT ricciardiluigi effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT wichersharryj effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2
AT mesjurriaanj effectoftomatineongeneexpressionandcellmonolayerintegrityincaco2