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Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters
Seasonal changes impact the melatonin production and immuno-activities in vertebrates. This is believed due to the photoperiodic alterations of the different seasons which impact the functions of pineal gland. The short photoperiod promotes pineal melatonin production. As a result, during the winter...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29558391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030703 |
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author | Xu, Xiaoying Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Shuran Xu, Ya Xu, Ying Guo, Xiazhen Li, Dekui |
author_facet | Xu, Xiaoying Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Shuran Xu, Ya Xu, Ying Guo, Xiazhen Li, Dekui |
author_sort | Xu, Xiaoying |
collection | PubMed |
description | Seasonal changes impact the melatonin production and immuno-activities in vertebrates. This is believed due to the photoperiodic alterations of the different seasons which impact the functions of pineal gland. The short photoperiod promotes pineal melatonin production. As a result, during the winter, animals have significantly higher levels of melatonin than in summer. However, the seasonal changes also include temperature changes. This factor has never been systemically investigated in animals. In the current study, we observed that increased temperature had limited influence on melatonin production. In contrast, cold temperature is the major factor to induce melatonin production in hamsters. Cold temperature per se can upregulate the expressions of melatonin synthetic gene AANAT and ASMT, which are the important enzymes for melatonin biosynthesis. The elevated melatonin levels induced by the cold exposure in hamster in turn, improve the immuno-responses of the animals with increased levels of IL1, 6, and 10 as well CD3. In addition, melatonin as a potent antioxidant and thermogenic agent would improve the survival chance of animals during cold weather. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6017911 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60179112018-11-13 Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters Xu, Xiaoying Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Shuran Xu, Ya Xu, Ying Guo, Xiazhen Li, Dekui Molecules Article Seasonal changes impact the melatonin production and immuno-activities in vertebrates. This is believed due to the photoperiodic alterations of the different seasons which impact the functions of pineal gland. The short photoperiod promotes pineal melatonin production. As a result, during the winter, animals have significantly higher levels of melatonin than in summer. However, the seasonal changes also include temperature changes. This factor has never been systemically investigated in animals. In the current study, we observed that increased temperature had limited influence on melatonin production. In contrast, cold temperature is the major factor to induce melatonin production in hamsters. Cold temperature per se can upregulate the expressions of melatonin synthetic gene AANAT and ASMT, which are the important enzymes for melatonin biosynthesis. The elevated melatonin levels induced by the cold exposure in hamster in turn, improve the immuno-responses of the animals with increased levels of IL1, 6, and 10 as well CD3. In addition, melatonin as a potent antioxidant and thermogenic agent would improve the survival chance of animals during cold weather. MDPI 2018-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6017911/ /pubmed/29558391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030703 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Xu, Xiaoying Liu, Xiaoyan Ma, Shuran Xu, Ya Xu, Ying Guo, Xiazhen Li, Dekui Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title | Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title_full | Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title_fullStr | Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title_full_unstemmed | Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title_short | Association of Melatonin Production with Seasonal Changes, Low Temperature, and Immuno-Responses in Hamsters |
title_sort | association of melatonin production with seasonal changes, low temperature, and immuno-responses in hamsters |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29558391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23030703 |
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