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Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin
AHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to amelio...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29642579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040863 |
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author | Tang, Sheau-Chung Yang, Jen-Hung |
author_facet | Tang, Sheau-Chung Yang, Jen-Hung |
author_sort | Tang, Sheau-Chung |
collection | PubMed |
description | AHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to ameliorate the appearance of keratoses and acne in dermatology. However, caution should be exercised in relation to certain adverse reactions among patients using products with AHAs, including swelling, burning, and pruritus. Whether AHAs enhance or decrease photo damage of the skin remains unclear, compelling us to ask the question, is AHA a friend or a foe of the skin? The aim of this manuscript is to review the various biological effects and mechanisms of AHAs on human keratinocytes and in an animal model. We conclude that whether AHA is a friend or foe of human skin depends on its concentration. These mechanisms of AHAs are currently well understood, aiding the development of novel approaches for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6017965 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60179652018-11-13 Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin Tang, Sheau-Chung Yang, Jen-Hung Molecules Review AHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to ameliorate the appearance of keratoses and acne in dermatology. However, caution should be exercised in relation to certain adverse reactions among patients using products with AHAs, including swelling, burning, and pruritus. Whether AHAs enhance or decrease photo damage of the skin remains unclear, compelling us to ask the question, is AHA a friend or a foe of the skin? The aim of this manuscript is to review the various biological effects and mechanisms of AHAs on human keratinocytes and in an animal model. We conclude that whether AHA is a friend or foe of human skin depends on its concentration. These mechanisms of AHAs are currently well understood, aiding the development of novel approaches for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage. MDPI 2018-04-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6017965/ /pubmed/29642579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040863 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Tang, Sheau-Chung Yang, Jen-Hung Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title_full | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title_fullStr | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title_full_unstemmed | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title_short | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
title_sort | dual effects of alpha-hydroxy acids on the skin |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6017965/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29642579 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040863 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tangsheauchung dualeffectsofalphahydroxyacidsontheskin AT yangjenhung dualeffectsofalphahydroxyacidsontheskin |