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Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management
Hepatic cysts (HCs) are frequently discovered incidentally on abdominal imaging. The prevalence of HCs has been reported as high as 15–18% in the United States. Although most cysts are benign, some are malignant or premalignant. It is important to diagnose cystic lesions in order to properly manage...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
XIA & HE Publishing Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6018306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29951366 http://dx.doi.org/10.14218/JCTH.2017.00069 |
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author | Mavilia, Marianna G. Pakala, Tina Molina, Marco Wu, George Y. |
author_facet | Mavilia, Marianna G. Pakala, Tina Molina, Marco Wu, George Y. |
author_sort | Mavilia, Marianna G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatic cysts (HCs) are frequently discovered incidentally on abdominal imaging. The prevalence of HCs has been reported as high as 15–18% in the United States. Although most cysts are benign, some are malignant or premalignant. It is important to diagnose cystic lesions in order to properly manage them. Imaging with conventional ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to further characterize and diagnose HCs. Ultrasound is typically the first-line imaging modality, whereas more advanced imaging can help narrow down the specific lesion. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a newer modality, recently approved in the United States, which offers non-invasive evaluation in real-time. The first step in diagnosis is stratifying risk by differentiating simple and complex cysts. There are several features that can help identify HCs, including septae, mural consistency, calcifications, and quality of cystic fluid. Simple cysts are mainly congenital cysts, but also occur in polycystic liver disease. Complex cysts include mucinous neoplasms, echinococcal cysts, hemorrhagic cysts, cystic hepatocellular carcinoma and other rare lesions. Treatment is indicated in symptomatic cysts or those suspicious for malignant or premalignant features. Treatment modalities include fenestration, aspiration sclerotherapy, or surgical resection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6018306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | XIA & HE Publishing Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60183062018-06-27 Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management Mavilia, Marianna G. Pakala, Tina Molina, Marco Wu, George Y. J Clin Transl Hepatol Review Article Hepatic cysts (HCs) are frequently discovered incidentally on abdominal imaging. The prevalence of HCs has been reported as high as 15–18% in the United States. Although most cysts are benign, some are malignant or premalignant. It is important to diagnose cystic lesions in order to properly manage them. Imaging with conventional ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to further characterize and diagnose HCs. Ultrasound is typically the first-line imaging modality, whereas more advanced imaging can help narrow down the specific lesion. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a newer modality, recently approved in the United States, which offers non-invasive evaluation in real-time. The first step in diagnosis is stratifying risk by differentiating simple and complex cysts. There are several features that can help identify HCs, including septae, mural consistency, calcifications, and quality of cystic fluid. Simple cysts are mainly congenital cysts, but also occur in polycystic liver disease. Complex cysts include mucinous neoplasms, echinococcal cysts, hemorrhagic cysts, cystic hepatocellular carcinoma and other rare lesions. Treatment is indicated in symptomatic cysts or those suspicious for malignant or premalignant features. Treatment modalities include fenestration, aspiration sclerotherapy, or surgical resection. XIA & HE Publishing Inc. 2018-01-05 2018-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6018306/ /pubmed/29951366 http://dx.doi.org/10.14218/JCTH.2017.00069 Text en © 2018 Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article has been published under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits noncommercial unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the following statement is provided. “This article has been published in Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology at DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2017.00069 and can also be viewed on the Journal’s website at http://www.jcthnet.com”. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Mavilia, Marianna G. Pakala, Tina Molina, Marco Wu, George Y. Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title | Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title_full | Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title_fullStr | Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title_full_unstemmed | Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title_short | Differentiating Cystic Liver Lesions: A Review of Imaging Modalities, Diagnosis and Management |
title_sort | differentiating cystic liver lesions: a review of imaging modalities, diagnosis and management |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6018306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29951366 http://dx.doi.org/10.14218/JCTH.2017.00069 |
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