Cargando…
Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure
Since the discovery of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by Blumberg et al. in 1965, its genome, sequence, epidemiology, and hepatocarcinogenesis have been elucidated. Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still responsible for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the sixth-most common ca...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6023471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29677098 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases6020027 |
_version_ | 1783335876720328704 |
---|---|
author | Yoo, Joseph Hann, Hie-Won Coben, Robert Conn, Mitchell DiMarino, Anthony J. |
author_facet | Yoo, Joseph Hann, Hie-Won Coben, Robert Conn, Mitchell DiMarino, Anthony J. |
author_sort | Yoo, Joseph |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since the discovery of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by Blumberg et al. in 1965, its genome, sequence, epidemiology, and hepatocarcinogenesis have been elucidated. Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still responsible for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the sixth-most common cancer in the world and the second-most common cancer death. The ultimate goal of treating HBV infection is the prevention of HCC. Fortunately, anti-HBV treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), which began with lamivudine in 1998, has resulted in remarkable improvements in the survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B and a reduced incidence of HCC. These results were documented with lamivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir. Nonetheless, as the duration of antiviral treatment increases, the risk for HCC still remains despite undetectable HBV DNA in serum, as reported by different investigators with observation up to 4–5 years. In our own experience, we are witnessing the development of HCC in patients who have received antiviral treatment. Some have enjoyed negative serum HBV DNA for over 12 years before developing HCC. Current treatment with NAs can effectively suppress the replication of the virus but cannot eradicate the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that is within the nucleus of hepatocytes. There still remains a great need for a cure for HBV. Fortunately, several compounds have been identified that have the potential to eradicate HBV, and there are ongoing clinical trials in progress in their early stages. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6023471 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60234712018-07-03 Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure Yoo, Joseph Hann, Hie-Won Coben, Robert Conn, Mitchell DiMarino, Anthony J. Diseases Review Since the discovery of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by Blumberg et al. in 1965, its genome, sequence, epidemiology, and hepatocarcinogenesis have been elucidated. Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still responsible for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the sixth-most common cancer in the world and the second-most common cancer death. The ultimate goal of treating HBV infection is the prevention of HCC. Fortunately, anti-HBV treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), which began with lamivudine in 1998, has resulted in remarkable improvements in the survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B and a reduced incidence of HCC. These results were documented with lamivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir. Nonetheless, as the duration of antiviral treatment increases, the risk for HCC still remains despite undetectable HBV DNA in serum, as reported by different investigators with observation up to 4–5 years. In our own experience, we are witnessing the development of HCC in patients who have received antiviral treatment. Some have enjoyed negative serum HBV DNA for over 12 years before developing HCC. Current treatment with NAs can effectively suppress the replication of the virus but cannot eradicate the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that is within the nucleus of hepatocytes. There still remains a great need for a cure for HBV. Fortunately, several compounds have been identified that have the potential to eradicate HBV, and there are ongoing clinical trials in progress in their early stages. MDPI 2018-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6023471/ /pubmed/29677098 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases6020027 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Yoo, Joseph Hann, Hie-Won Coben, Robert Conn, Mitchell DiMarino, Anthony J. Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title | Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title_full | Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title_fullStr | Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title_full_unstemmed | Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title_short | Update Treatment for HBV Infection and Persistent Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect for an HBV Cure |
title_sort | update treatment for hbv infection and persistent risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: prospect for an hbv cure |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6023471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29677098 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases6020027 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yoojoseph updatetreatmentforhbvinfectionandpersistentriskforhepatocellularcarcinomaprospectforanhbvcure AT hannhiewon updatetreatmentforhbvinfectionandpersistentriskforhepatocellularcarcinomaprospectforanhbvcure AT cobenrobert updatetreatmentforhbvinfectionandpersistentriskforhepatocellularcarcinomaprospectforanhbvcure AT connmitchell updatetreatmentforhbvinfectionandpersistentriskforhepatocellularcarcinomaprospectforanhbvcure AT dimarinoanthonyj updatetreatmentforhbvinfectionandpersistentriskforhepatocellularcarcinomaprospectforanhbvcure |