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A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia

Myopia occurs in more than 50% of the population in many industrialized countries and is expected to increase; complications associated with axial elongation from myopia are the sixth leading cause of blindness. Thus, understanding its etiology, epidemiology, and the results of various treatment reg...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cooper, Jeffrey, Tkatchenko, Andrei V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6023584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29901472
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000499
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author Cooper, Jeffrey
Tkatchenko, Andrei V.
author_facet Cooper, Jeffrey
Tkatchenko, Andrei V.
author_sort Cooper, Jeffrey
collection PubMed
description Myopia occurs in more than 50% of the population in many industrialized countries and is expected to increase; complications associated with axial elongation from myopia are the sixth leading cause of blindness. Thus, understanding its etiology, epidemiology, and the results of various treatment regiments may modify current care and result in a reduction in morbidity from progressive myopia. This rapid increase cannot be explained by genetics alone. Current animal and human research demonstrates that myopia development is a result of the interplay between genetic and the environmental factors. The prevalence of myopia is higher in individuals whose both parents are myopic, suggesting that genetic factors are clearly involved in myopia development. At the same time, population studies suggest that development of myopia is associated with education and the amount time spent doing near work; hence, activities increase the exposure to optical blur. Recently, there has been an increase in efforts to slow the progression of myopia because of its relationship to the development of serious pathological conditions such as macular degeneration, retinal detachments, glaucoma, and cataracts. We reviewed meta-analysis and other of current treatments that include: atropine, progressive addition spectacle lenses, orthokeratology, and multifocal contact lenses.
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spelling pubmed-60235842018-07-11 A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia Cooper, Jeffrey Tkatchenko, Andrei V. Eye Contact Lens Review Article Myopia occurs in more than 50% of the population in many industrialized countries and is expected to increase; complications associated with axial elongation from myopia are the sixth leading cause of blindness. Thus, understanding its etiology, epidemiology, and the results of various treatment regiments may modify current care and result in a reduction in morbidity from progressive myopia. This rapid increase cannot be explained by genetics alone. Current animal and human research demonstrates that myopia development is a result of the interplay between genetic and the environmental factors. The prevalence of myopia is higher in individuals whose both parents are myopic, suggesting that genetic factors are clearly involved in myopia development. At the same time, population studies suggest that development of myopia is associated with education and the amount time spent doing near work; hence, activities increase the exposure to optical blur. Recently, there has been an increase in efforts to slow the progression of myopia because of its relationship to the development of serious pathological conditions such as macular degeneration, retinal detachments, glaucoma, and cataracts. We reviewed meta-analysis and other of current treatments that include: atropine, progressive addition spectacle lenses, orthokeratology, and multifocal contact lenses. Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice 2018-07 2018-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6023584/ /pubmed/29901472 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000499 Text en Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Contact Lens Association of Opthalmologists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Review Article
Cooper, Jeffrey
Tkatchenko, Andrei V.
A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title_full A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title_fullStr A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title_full_unstemmed A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title_short A Review of Current Concepts of the Etiology and Treatment of Myopia
title_sort review of current concepts of the etiology and treatment of myopia
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6023584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29901472
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000499
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