Cargando…

Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts

Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the formation and deposition of excess fibrous connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural tissue remodeling. Irrespective of the underlying noxious trigger, tissue damage induces an inflammatory response involving the local vascular system and the im...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Weiskirchen, Ralf, Weiskirchen, Sabine, Tacke, Frank
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000 Research Limited 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6024236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30002817
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14841.1
_version_ 1783336020374192128
author Weiskirchen, Ralf
Weiskirchen, Sabine
Tacke, Frank
author_facet Weiskirchen, Ralf
Weiskirchen, Sabine
Tacke, Frank
author_sort Weiskirchen, Ralf
collection PubMed
description Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the formation and deposition of excess fibrous connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural tissue remodeling. Irrespective of the underlying noxious trigger, tissue damage induces an inflammatory response involving the local vascular system and the immune system and a systemic mobilization of endocrine and neurological mediators, ultimately leading to the activation of matrix-producing cell populations. Genetic disorders, chronic viral infection, alcohol abuse, autoimmune attacks, metabolic disorders, cholestasis, alterations in bile acid composition or concentration, venous obstruction, and parasite infections are well-established factors that predispose one to hepatic fibrosis. In addition, excess fat and other lipotoxic mediators provoking endoplasmic reticulum stress, alteration of mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and modifications in the microbiota are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and, subsequently, the initiation and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Multidisciplinary panels of experts have developed practice guidelines, including recommendations of preferred therapeutic approaches to a specific cause of hepatic disease, stage of fibrosis, or occurring co-morbidities associated with ongoing loss of hepatic function. Here, we summarize the factors leading to liver fibrosis and the current concepts in anti-fibrotic therapies.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6024236
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher F1000 Research Limited
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60242362018-07-11 Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts Weiskirchen, Ralf Weiskirchen, Sabine Tacke, Frank F1000Res Review Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the formation and deposition of excess fibrous connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural tissue remodeling. Irrespective of the underlying noxious trigger, tissue damage induces an inflammatory response involving the local vascular system and the immune system and a systemic mobilization of endocrine and neurological mediators, ultimately leading to the activation of matrix-producing cell populations. Genetic disorders, chronic viral infection, alcohol abuse, autoimmune attacks, metabolic disorders, cholestasis, alterations in bile acid composition or concentration, venous obstruction, and parasite infections are well-established factors that predispose one to hepatic fibrosis. In addition, excess fat and other lipotoxic mediators provoking endoplasmic reticulum stress, alteration of mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and modifications in the microbiota are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and, subsequently, the initiation and progression of hepatic fibrosis. Multidisciplinary panels of experts have developed practice guidelines, including recommendations of preferred therapeutic approaches to a specific cause of hepatic disease, stage of fibrosis, or occurring co-morbidities associated with ongoing loss of hepatic function. Here, we summarize the factors leading to liver fibrosis and the current concepts in anti-fibrotic therapies. F1000 Research Limited 2018-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6024236/ /pubmed/30002817 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14841.1 Text en Copyright: © 2018 Weiskirchen R et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Weiskirchen, Ralf
Weiskirchen, Sabine
Tacke, Frank
Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title_full Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title_fullStr Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title_full_unstemmed Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title_short Recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
title_sort recent advances in understanding liver fibrosis: bridging basic science and individualized treatment concepts
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6024236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30002817
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14841.1
work_keys_str_mv AT weiskirchenralf recentadvancesinunderstandingliverfibrosisbridgingbasicscienceandindividualizedtreatmentconcepts
AT weiskirchensabine recentadvancesinunderstandingliverfibrosisbridgingbasicscienceandindividualizedtreatmentconcepts
AT tackefrank recentadvancesinunderstandingliverfibrosisbridgingbasicscienceandindividualizedtreatmentconcepts