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Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases

In recent years evidence has emerged that neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are strongly associated with the microbiome composition in the gut. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most intensively studied neurodegenerative disease in this context. In this review, we performed a systematic evaluation of t...

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Autores principales: Gerhardt, Sara, Mohajeri, M. Hasan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6024871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29857583
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10060708
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author Gerhardt, Sara
Mohajeri, M. Hasan
author_facet Gerhardt, Sara
Mohajeri, M. Hasan
author_sort Gerhardt, Sara
collection PubMed
description In recent years evidence has emerged that neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are strongly associated with the microbiome composition in the gut. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most intensively studied neurodegenerative disease in this context. In this review, we performed a systematic evaluation of the published literature comparing changes in colonic microbiome in PD to the ones observed in other NDs including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To enhance the comparability of different studies, only human case-control studies were included. Several studies showed an increase of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Verrucomicrobiaceae and Akkermansia in PD. A decrease of Faecalibacterium spp., Coprococcus spp., Blautia spp., Prevotella spp. and Prevotellaceae was observed in PD. On a low taxonomic resolution, like the phylum level, the changes are not disease-specific and are inconsistent. However, on a higher taxonomic resolution like genus or species level, a minor overlap was observed between PD and MSA, both alpha synucleinopathies. We show that standardization of sample collection and analysis is necessary for ensuring the reproducibility and comparability of data. We also provide evidence that assessing the microbiota composition at high taxonomic resolution reveals changes in relative abundance that may be specific to or characteristic of one disease or disease group, and might evolve discriminative power. The interactions between bacterial species and strains and the co-abundances must be investigated before assumptions about the effects of specific bacteria on the host can be made with certainty.
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spelling pubmed-60248712018-07-08 Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases Gerhardt, Sara Mohajeri, M. Hasan Nutrients Review In recent years evidence has emerged that neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are strongly associated with the microbiome composition in the gut. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most intensively studied neurodegenerative disease in this context. In this review, we performed a systematic evaluation of the published literature comparing changes in colonic microbiome in PD to the ones observed in other NDs including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To enhance the comparability of different studies, only human case-control studies were included. Several studies showed an increase of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Verrucomicrobiaceae and Akkermansia in PD. A decrease of Faecalibacterium spp., Coprococcus spp., Blautia spp., Prevotella spp. and Prevotellaceae was observed in PD. On a low taxonomic resolution, like the phylum level, the changes are not disease-specific and are inconsistent. However, on a higher taxonomic resolution like genus or species level, a minor overlap was observed between PD and MSA, both alpha synucleinopathies. We show that standardization of sample collection and analysis is necessary for ensuring the reproducibility and comparability of data. We also provide evidence that assessing the microbiota composition at high taxonomic resolution reveals changes in relative abundance that may be specific to or characteristic of one disease or disease group, and might evolve discriminative power. The interactions between bacterial species and strains and the co-abundances must be investigated before assumptions about the effects of specific bacteria on the host can be made with certainty. MDPI 2018-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6024871/ /pubmed/29857583 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10060708 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gerhardt, Sara
Mohajeri, M. Hasan
Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_fullStr Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_short Changes of Colonic Bacterial Composition in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases
title_sort changes of colonic bacterial composition in parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6024871/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29857583
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10060708
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