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Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults

Introduction. Long-term studies have shown that depressive symptoms predict the risk of mortality. However, it is unknown if this effect is present in shorter time intervals. In addition, recent research suggests that the salience of the negative affect on the risk of mortality is not similar across...

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Autor principal: Assari, Shervin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6026472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29690578
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6020036
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author Assari, Shervin
author_facet Assari, Shervin
author_sort Assari, Shervin
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description Introduction. Long-term studies have shown that depressive symptoms predict the risk of mortality. However, it is unknown if this effect is present in shorter time intervals. In addition, recent research suggests that the salience of the negative affect on the risk of mortality is not similar across racial groups. The current study uses data from a national study of Black and White older adults to examine racial differences in the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on mortality risk over three years in the United States. Methods. This study used a longitudinal prospective design and followed 1493 older adults who were either White (n = 759) or Black (n = 734) for three years from 2001 to 2004. Depressive symptoms measured at baseline was the independent variable. Demographic factors, socio-economic characteristics (education, income, marital status), health behaviors (smoking and drinking), and health (self-rated health) measured at baseline in 2001 were covariates. The dependent variable was all-cause mortality between 2001 and 2004. Race was the moderator. Logistic regressions were used for data analysis. Results. In the pooled sample, high depressive symptoms at baseline were not associated with the three-year risk of mortality. In the pooled sample, we found a significant interaction between race and depressive symptoms on mortality, suggesting a stronger effect for Whites in comparison to Blacks. In race stratified models, depressive symptoms at baseline were predictive of mortality risk for Whites, but not Blacks. Conclusions. In the United States, Black-White differences exist in the effects of depressive symptoms on mortality risk in older adults. White older adults may be more vulnerable to the effects of depressive symptoms on mortality risk.
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spelling pubmed-60264722018-07-13 Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults Assari, Shervin Healthcare (Basel) Article Introduction. Long-term studies have shown that depressive symptoms predict the risk of mortality. However, it is unknown if this effect is present in shorter time intervals. In addition, recent research suggests that the salience of the negative affect on the risk of mortality is not similar across racial groups. The current study uses data from a national study of Black and White older adults to examine racial differences in the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on mortality risk over three years in the United States. Methods. This study used a longitudinal prospective design and followed 1493 older adults who were either White (n = 759) or Black (n = 734) for three years from 2001 to 2004. Depressive symptoms measured at baseline was the independent variable. Demographic factors, socio-economic characteristics (education, income, marital status), health behaviors (smoking and drinking), and health (self-rated health) measured at baseline in 2001 were covariates. The dependent variable was all-cause mortality between 2001 and 2004. Race was the moderator. Logistic regressions were used for data analysis. Results. In the pooled sample, high depressive symptoms at baseline were not associated with the three-year risk of mortality. In the pooled sample, we found a significant interaction between race and depressive symptoms on mortality, suggesting a stronger effect for Whites in comparison to Blacks. In race stratified models, depressive symptoms at baseline were predictive of mortality risk for Whites, but not Blacks. Conclusions. In the United States, Black-White differences exist in the effects of depressive symptoms on mortality risk in older adults. White older adults may be more vulnerable to the effects of depressive symptoms on mortality risk. MDPI 2018-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6026472/ /pubmed/29690578 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6020036 Text en © 2018 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Assari, Shervin
Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title_full Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title_fullStr Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title_full_unstemmed Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title_short Depressive Symptoms Increase the Risk of Mortality for White but Not Black Older Adults
title_sort depressive symptoms increase the risk of mortality for white but not black older adults
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6026472/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29690578
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6020036
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