Cargando…

Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs

Recent investigations have shown that xerophilic fungi may pose a biodeterioration risk by threatening objects of cultural heritage including many types of materials, including wood, paint layers, organic glues or leather and even metal. Historic—and also new built—pipe organs combine all those mate...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sterflinger, Katja, Voitl, Christian, Lopandic, Ksenija, Piñar, Guadalupe, Tafer, Hakim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6027336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29903995
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life8020022
_version_ 1783336588202213376
author Sterflinger, Katja
Voitl, Christian
Lopandic, Ksenija
Piñar, Guadalupe
Tafer, Hakim
author_facet Sterflinger, Katja
Voitl, Christian
Lopandic, Ksenija
Piñar, Guadalupe
Tafer, Hakim
author_sort Sterflinger, Katja
collection PubMed
description Recent investigations have shown that xerophilic fungi may pose a biodeterioration risk by threatening objects of cultural heritage including many types of materials, including wood, paint layers, organic glues or leather and even metal. Historic—and also new built—pipe organs combine all those materials. In this study, halotolerant aspergilli and penicillia with low optimal temperatures were shown to be the most frequent invaders of pipe organs. The fungi form white mycelia on the organic components of the organs with a clear preference for the bolus paint of the wooden pipes, the leather-made hinges of the stop actions and all parts fixed by organic glue. Physiological tests showed that the strains isolated from the instruments all show a halotolerant behavior, although none was halophilic. The optimum growth temperature is below 20 °C, thus the fungi are perfectly adapted to the cool and relatively dry conditions in the churches and organs respectively. The de-novo genome sequences analyses of the strains are currently ongoing and will reveal the genomic basis for the halotolerant behavior of the fungi.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6027336
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60273362018-07-13 Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs Sterflinger, Katja Voitl, Christian Lopandic, Ksenija Piñar, Guadalupe Tafer, Hakim Life (Basel) Article Recent investigations have shown that xerophilic fungi may pose a biodeterioration risk by threatening objects of cultural heritage including many types of materials, including wood, paint layers, organic glues or leather and even metal. Historic—and also new built—pipe organs combine all those materials. In this study, halotolerant aspergilli and penicillia with low optimal temperatures were shown to be the most frequent invaders of pipe organs. The fungi form white mycelia on the organic components of the organs with a clear preference for the bolus paint of the wooden pipes, the leather-made hinges of the stop actions and all parts fixed by organic glue. Physiological tests showed that the strains isolated from the instruments all show a halotolerant behavior, although none was halophilic. The optimum growth temperature is below 20 °C, thus the fungi are perfectly adapted to the cool and relatively dry conditions in the churches and organs respectively. The de-novo genome sequences analyses of the strains are currently ongoing and will reveal the genomic basis for the halotolerant behavior of the fungi. MDPI 2018-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6027336/ /pubmed/29903995 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life8020022 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sterflinger, Katja
Voitl, Christian
Lopandic, Ksenija
Piñar, Guadalupe
Tafer, Hakim
Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title_full Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title_fullStr Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title_full_unstemmed Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title_short Big Sound and Extreme Fungi—Xerophilic, Halotolerant Aspergilli and Penicillia with Low Optimal Temperature as Invaders of Historic Pipe Organs
title_sort big sound and extreme fungi—xerophilic, halotolerant aspergilli and penicillia with low optimal temperature as invaders of historic pipe organs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6027336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29903995
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life8020022
work_keys_str_mv AT sterflingerkatja bigsoundandextremefungixerophilichalotolerantaspergilliandpenicilliawithlowoptimaltemperatureasinvadersofhistoricpipeorgans
AT voitlchristian bigsoundandextremefungixerophilichalotolerantaspergilliandpenicilliawithlowoptimaltemperatureasinvadersofhistoricpipeorgans
AT lopandicksenija bigsoundandextremefungixerophilichalotolerantaspergilliandpenicilliawithlowoptimaltemperatureasinvadersofhistoricpipeorgans
AT pinarguadalupe bigsoundandextremefungixerophilichalotolerantaspergilliandpenicilliawithlowoptimaltemperatureasinvadersofhistoricpipeorgans
AT taferhakim bigsoundandextremefungixerophilichalotolerantaspergilliandpenicilliawithlowoptimaltemperatureasinvadersofhistoricpipeorgans