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Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review

In the field of medicine, nanomaterials, especially those derived using the green method, offer promise as anti-cancer agents and drug carriers. However, the biosafety of metallic nanoparticles used as anti-cancer agents remains a concern. The goal of this systematic review was to compare the cytoto...

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Autores principales: Hanan, Nurul Akma, Chiu, Hock Ing, Ramachandran, Muggundha Raoov, Tung, Wai Hau, Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah, Yahaya, Noorfatimah, Lim, Vuanghao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6032206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29891772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061725
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author Hanan, Nurul Akma
Chiu, Hock Ing
Ramachandran, Muggundha Raoov
Tung, Wai Hau
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Lim, Vuanghao
author_facet Hanan, Nurul Akma
Chiu, Hock Ing
Ramachandran, Muggundha Raoov
Tung, Wai Hau
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Lim, Vuanghao
author_sort Hanan, Nurul Akma
collection PubMed
description In the field of medicine, nanomaterials, especially those derived using the green method, offer promise as anti-cancer agents and drug carriers. However, the biosafety of metallic nanoparticles used as anti-cancer agents remains a concern. The goal of this systematic review was to compare the cytotoxicity of different plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles based on their potency, therapeutic index, and cancer cell type susceptibility in the hopes of identifying the most promising anti-cancer agents. A literature search of electronic databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, was conducted to obtain research articles. Keywords such as biosynthesis, plant synthesis, plant-mediated, metallic nanoparticle, cytotoxicity, and anticancer were used in the literature search. All types of research materials that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study regardless of whether the results were positive, negative, or null. The therapeutic index was used as a safety measure for the studied compound of interest. Data from 76 selected articles were extracted and synthesised. Seventy-two studies reported that the cytotoxicity of plant-mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles was time and/or dose-dependent. Biosynthesised silver nanoparticles demonstrated higher cytotoxicity potency compared to gold nanoparticles synthesised by the same plants (Plumbago zeylanica, Commelina nudiflora, and Cassia auriculata) irrespective of the cancer cell type tested. This review also identified a correlation between the nanoparticle size and morphology with the potency of cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was found to be inversely proportional to nanoparticle size. The plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles were predominantly spherical or quasi-spherical, with the median lethal dose of 1–20 µg/mL. Nanoparticles with other shapes (triangular, hexagonal, and rods) were less potent. Metallic nanoparticles synthesised by Abutilon inducum, Butea monosperma, Gossypium hirsutum, Indoneesiella echioides, and Melia azedarach were acceptably safe as anti-cancer agents, as they had a therapeutic index of >2.0 when tested on both cancer cells and normal human cells. Most plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles were found to be cytotoxic, although some were non-cytotoxic. The results from this study suggest a focus on a selected list of potential anti-cancer agents for further investigations of their pharmacodynamic/toxicodynamic and pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic actions with the goal of reducing the Global Burden of Diseases and the second leading cause of mortality.
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spelling pubmed-60322062018-07-13 Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review Hanan, Nurul Akma Chiu, Hock Ing Ramachandran, Muggundha Raoov Tung, Wai Hau Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah Yahaya, Noorfatimah Lim, Vuanghao Int J Mol Sci Review In the field of medicine, nanomaterials, especially those derived using the green method, offer promise as anti-cancer agents and drug carriers. However, the biosafety of metallic nanoparticles used as anti-cancer agents remains a concern. The goal of this systematic review was to compare the cytotoxicity of different plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles based on their potency, therapeutic index, and cancer cell type susceptibility in the hopes of identifying the most promising anti-cancer agents. A literature search of electronic databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate, was conducted to obtain research articles. Keywords such as biosynthesis, plant synthesis, plant-mediated, metallic nanoparticle, cytotoxicity, and anticancer were used in the literature search. All types of research materials that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study regardless of whether the results were positive, negative, or null. The therapeutic index was used as a safety measure for the studied compound of interest. Data from 76 selected articles were extracted and synthesised. Seventy-two studies reported that the cytotoxicity of plant-mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles was time and/or dose-dependent. Biosynthesised silver nanoparticles demonstrated higher cytotoxicity potency compared to gold nanoparticles synthesised by the same plants (Plumbago zeylanica, Commelina nudiflora, and Cassia auriculata) irrespective of the cancer cell type tested. This review also identified a correlation between the nanoparticle size and morphology with the potency of cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was found to be inversely proportional to nanoparticle size. The plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles were predominantly spherical or quasi-spherical, with the median lethal dose of 1–20 µg/mL. Nanoparticles with other shapes (triangular, hexagonal, and rods) were less potent. Metallic nanoparticles synthesised by Abutilon inducum, Butea monosperma, Gossypium hirsutum, Indoneesiella echioides, and Melia azedarach were acceptably safe as anti-cancer agents, as they had a therapeutic index of >2.0 when tested on both cancer cells and normal human cells. Most plant-mediated syntheses of metallic nanoparticles were found to be cytotoxic, although some were non-cytotoxic. The results from this study suggest a focus on a selected list of potential anti-cancer agents for further investigations of their pharmacodynamic/toxicodynamic and pharmacokinetic/toxicokinetic actions with the goal of reducing the Global Burden of Diseases and the second leading cause of mortality. MDPI 2018-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6032206/ /pubmed/29891772 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061725 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Hanan, Nurul Akma
Chiu, Hock Ing
Ramachandran, Muggundha Raoov
Tung, Wai Hau
Mohamad Zain, Nur Nadhirah
Yahaya, Noorfatimah
Lim, Vuanghao
Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title_full Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title_short Cytotoxicity of Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: A Systematic Review
title_sort cytotoxicity of plant-mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6032206/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29891772
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061725
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