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The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is a fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the gradual procurement of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of different genes, which finally le...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6032410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29867026 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061658 |
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author | Machlowska, Julita Maciejewski, Ryszard Sitarz, Robert |
author_facet | Machlowska, Julita Maciejewski, Ryszard Sitarz, Robert |
author_sort | Machlowska, Julita |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is a fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the gradual procurement of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of different genes, which finally lead to the occurrence of a malignancy. These genes have diversified roles regarding cancer development. Intracellular pathways are assigned to the expression of different genes, signal transduction, cell-cycle supervision, genomic stability, DNA repair, and cell-fate destination, like apoptosis, senescence. Extracellular pathways embrace tumour invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. Altered expression patterns, leading the different clinical responses. This review highlights the list of molecular biomarkers that can be used for prognostic purposes and provide information on the likely outcome of the cancer disease in an untreated individual. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6032410 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60324102018-07-13 The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis Machlowska, Julita Maciejewski, Ryszard Sitarz, Robert Int J Mol Sci Review Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is a fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the gradual procurement of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of different genes, which finally lead to the occurrence of a malignancy. These genes have diversified roles regarding cancer development. Intracellular pathways are assigned to the expression of different genes, signal transduction, cell-cycle supervision, genomic stability, DNA repair, and cell-fate destination, like apoptosis, senescence. Extracellular pathways embrace tumour invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. Altered expression patterns, leading the different clinical responses. This review highlights the list of molecular biomarkers that can be used for prognostic purposes and provide information on the likely outcome of the cancer disease in an untreated individual. MDPI 2018-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6032410/ /pubmed/29867026 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061658 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Machlowska, Julita Maciejewski, Ryszard Sitarz, Robert The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title | The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title_full | The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title_fullStr | The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title_short | The Pattern of Signatures in Gastric Cancer Prognosis |
title_sort | pattern of signatures in gastric cancer prognosis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6032410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29867026 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061658 |
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