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A computerized exposure system for animal models to optimize nicotine delivery into the brain through inhalation of electronic cigarette vapors or cigarette smoke
Pre-clinical studies investigated the effects of chronic exposure to nicotine on lungs, kidneys and brains using animal models. Most of these studies delivered nicotine into the circulatory and central nervous systems (CNS) through intraperitoneal injection or oral consumption methods. Few studies u...
| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier
2018
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6035328/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29989025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2018.02.031 |