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Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients
Introduction. The immunosuppression used after transplantation (Tx) is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. In Europe, parasitic infections after Tx are much less common than viral, bacterial and fungal ones. However, diseases caused by parasites are very common in tropical...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6037257/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30344258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina54020027 |
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author | Wołyniec, Wojciech Sulima, Małgorzata Renke, Marcin Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja |
author_facet | Wołyniec, Wojciech Sulima, Małgorzata Renke, Marcin Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja |
author_sort | Wołyniec, Wojciech |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction. The immunosuppression used after transplantation (Tx) is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. In Europe, parasitic infections after Tx are much less common than viral, bacterial and fungal ones. However, diseases caused by parasites are very common in tropical countries. In the last years the number of travellers with immunosuppression visiting tropical countries has increased. Methods. We performed a literature review to evaluate a risk of parasitic infections after Tx in Europe. Results. There is a real risk of parasitic infection in patients after Tx travelling to tropical countries. Malaria, leishmaniasis, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis are the most dangerous and relatively common. Although the incidence of these tropical infections after Tx has not increased, the course of disease could be fatal. There are also some cosmopolitan parasitic infections dangerous for patients after Tx. The greatest threat in Europe is toxoplasmosis, especially in heart and bone marrow recipients. The most severe manifestations of toxoplasmosis are myocarditis, encephalitis and disseminated disease. Diarrhoea is one of the most common symptoms of parasitic infection. In Europe the most prevalent pathogens causing diarrhoea are Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium. Conclusions. Solid organ and bone marrow transplantations, blood transfusions and immunosuppressive treatment are associated with a small but real risk of parasitic infections in European citizens. In patients with severe parasitic infection, i.e., those with lung or brain involvement or a disseminated disease, the progression is very rapid and the prognosis is bad. Establishing a diagnosis before the patient’s death is challenging. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6037257 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60372572018-10-18 Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients Wołyniec, Wojciech Sulima, Małgorzata Renke, Marcin Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja Medicina (Kaunas) Article Introduction. The immunosuppression used after transplantation (Tx) is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. In Europe, parasitic infections after Tx are much less common than viral, bacterial and fungal ones. However, diseases caused by parasites are very common in tropical countries. In the last years the number of travellers with immunosuppression visiting tropical countries has increased. Methods. We performed a literature review to evaluate a risk of parasitic infections after Tx in Europe. Results. There is a real risk of parasitic infection in patients after Tx travelling to tropical countries. Malaria, leishmaniasis, strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis are the most dangerous and relatively common. Although the incidence of these tropical infections after Tx has not increased, the course of disease could be fatal. There are also some cosmopolitan parasitic infections dangerous for patients after Tx. The greatest threat in Europe is toxoplasmosis, especially in heart and bone marrow recipients. The most severe manifestations of toxoplasmosis are myocarditis, encephalitis and disseminated disease. Diarrhoea is one of the most common symptoms of parasitic infection. In Europe the most prevalent pathogens causing diarrhoea are Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium. Conclusions. Solid organ and bone marrow transplantations, blood transfusions and immunosuppressive treatment are associated with a small but real risk of parasitic infections in European citizens. In patients with severe parasitic infection, i.e., those with lung or brain involvement or a disseminated disease, the progression is very rapid and the prognosis is bad. Establishing a diagnosis before the patient’s death is challenging. MDPI 2018-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6037257/ /pubmed/30344258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina54020027 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wołyniec, Wojciech Sulima, Małgorzata Renke, Marcin Dębska-Ślizień, Alicja Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title | Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title_full | Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title_fullStr | Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title_full_unstemmed | Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title_short | Parasitic Infections Associated with Unfavourable Outcomes in Transplant Recipients |
title_sort | parasitic infections associated with unfavourable outcomes in transplant recipients |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6037257/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30344258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina54020027 |
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