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The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia

Aging is a multifactorial process characterized by several features including low-grade inflammation, increased oxidative stress and reduced regenerative capacity, which ultimately lead to alteration in morpho-functional properties of skeletal muscle, thus promoting sarcopenia. This condition is cha...

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Autores principales: Scicchitano, Bianca Maria, Sica, Gigliola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Science Publishers 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6040170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27875962
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203718666161122113609
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author Scicchitano, Bianca Maria
Sica, Gigliola
author_facet Scicchitano, Bianca Maria
Sica, Gigliola
author_sort Scicchitano, Bianca Maria
collection PubMed
description Aging is a multifactorial process characterized by several features including low-grade inflammation, increased oxidative stress and reduced regenerative capacity, which ultimately lead to alteration in morpho-functional properties of skeletal muscle, thus promoting sarcopenia. This condition is characterized by a gradual loss of muscle mass due to an unbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, finally conveying in functional decline and disability. The development of specific therapeutic approaches able to block or reverse this condition may represent an invaluable tool for the promotion of a healthy aging among elderly people. It is well established that changes in the quantity and the quality of dietary proteins, as well as the intake of specific amino acids, are able to counteract some of the physiopathological processes related to the progression of the loss of muscle mass and may have beneficial effects in improving the anabolic response of muscle in the elderly. Taurine is a non-essential amino acid expressed in high concentration in several mammalian tissues and particularly in skeletal muscle where it is involved in the modulation of intracellular calcium concentration and ion channel regulation and where it also acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factor. The aim of this review is to summarize the pleiotropic effects of taurine on specific muscle targets and to discuss its role in regulating signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of muscle homeostasis. We also highlight the potential use of taurine as a therapeutic molecule for the amelioration of skeletal muscle function and performance severely compromised during aging.
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spelling pubmed-60401702018-08-01 The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia Scicchitano, Bianca Maria Sica, Gigliola Curr Protein Pept Sci Article Aging is a multifactorial process characterized by several features including low-grade inflammation, increased oxidative stress and reduced regenerative capacity, which ultimately lead to alteration in morpho-functional properties of skeletal muscle, thus promoting sarcopenia. This condition is characterized by a gradual loss of muscle mass due to an unbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, finally conveying in functional decline and disability. The development of specific therapeutic approaches able to block or reverse this condition may represent an invaluable tool for the promotion of a healthy aging among elderly people. It is well established that changes in the quantity and the quality of dietary proteins, as well as the intake of specific amino acids, are able to counteract some of the physiopathological processes related to the progression of the loss of muscle mass and may have beneficial effects in improving the anabolic response of muscle in the elderly. Taurine is a non-essential amino acid expressed in high concentration in several mammalian tissues and particularly in skeletal muscle where it is involved in the modulation of intracellular calcium concentration and ion channel regulation and where it also acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factor. The aim of this review is to summarize the pleiotropic effects of taurine on specific muscle targets and to discuss its role in regulating signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of muscle homeostasis. We also highlight the potential use of taurine as a therapeutic molecule for the amelioration of skeletal muscle function and performance severely compromised during aging. Bentham Science Publishers 2018-07 2018-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6040170/ /pubmed/27875962 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203718666161122113609 Text en © 2018 Bentham Science Publishers https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Scicchitano, Bianca Maria
Sica, Gigliola
The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title_full The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title_fullStr The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title_full_unstemmed The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title_short The Beneficial Effects of Taurine to Counteract Sarcopenia
title_sort beneficial effects of taurine to counteract sarcopenia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6040170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27875962
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203718666161122113609
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