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Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event
Black Band Disease (BBD) is a widely distributed and destructive coral disease that has been studied on a global scale, but baseline data on coral diseases is missing from many areas of the Arabian Seas. Here we report on the broad distribution and prevalence of BBD in the Red Sea in addition to doc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6046197/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30013839 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5169 |
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author | Hadaidi, Ghaida Ziegler, Maren Shore-Maggio, Amanda Jensen, Thor Aeby, Greta Voolstra, Christian R. |
author_facet | Hadaidi, Ghaida Ziegler, Maren Shore-Maggio, Amanda Jensen, Thor Aeby, Greta Voolstra, Christian R. |
author_sort | Hadaidi, Ghaida |
collection | PubMed |
description | Black Band Disease (BBD) is a widely distributed and destructive coral disease that has been studied on a global scale, but baseline data on coral diseases is missing from many areas of the Arabian Seas. Here we report on the broad distribution and prevalence of BBD in the Red Sea in addition to documenting a bleaching-associated outbreak of BBD with subsequent microbial community characterization of BBD microbial mats at this reef site in the southern central Red Sea. Coral colonies with BBD were found at roughly a third of our 22 survey sites with an overall prevalence of 0.04%. Nine coral genera were infected including Astreopora, Coelastrea, Dipsastraea, Gardineroseris, Goniopora, Montipora, Pavona, Platygyra, and Psammocora. For a southern central Red Sea outbreak site, overall prevalence was 40 times higher than baseline (1.7%). Differential susceptibility to BBD was apparent among coral genera with Dipsastraea (prevalence 6.1%), having more diseased colonies than was expected based on its abundance within transects. Analysis of the microbial community associated with the BBD mat showed that it is dominated by a consortium of cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. We detected the three main indicators for BBD (filamentous cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)), with high similarity to BBD-associated microbes found worldwide. More specifically, the microbial consortium of BBD-diseased coral colonies in the Red Sea consisted of Oscillatoria sp. (cyanobacteria), Desulfovibrio sp. (SRB), and Arcobacter sp. (SOB). Given the similarity of associated bacteria worldwide, our data suggest that BBD represents a global coral disease with predictable etiology. Furthermore, we provide a baseline assessment of BBD disease prevalence in the Red Sea, a still understudied region. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6046197 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60461972018-07-16 Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event Hadaidi, Ghaida Ziegler, Maren Shore-Maggio, Amanda Jensen, Thor Aeby, Greta Voolstra, Christian R. PeerJ Biogeography Black Band Disease (BBD) is a widely distributed and destructive coral disease that has been studied on a global scale, but baseline data on coral diseases is missing from many areas of the Arabian Seas. Here we report on the broad distribution and prevalence of BBD in the Red Sea in addition to documenting a bleaching-associated outbreak of BBD with subsequent microbial community characterization of BBD microbial mats at this reef site in the southern central Red Sea. Coral colonies with BBD were found at roughly a third of our 22 survey sites with an overall prevalence of 0.04%. Nine coral genera were infected including Astreopora, Coelastrea, Dipsastraea, Gardineroseris, Goniopora, Montipora, Pavona, Platygyra, and Psammocora. For a southern central Red Sea outbreak site, overall prevalence was 40 times higher than baseline (1.7%). Differential susceptibility to BBD was apparent among coral genera with Dipsastraea (prevalence 6.1%), having more diseased colonies than was expected based on its abundance within transects. Analysis of the microbial community associated with the BBD mat showed that it is dominated by a consortium of cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. We detected the three main indicators for BBD (filamentous cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)), with high similarity to BBD-associated microbes found worldwide. More specifically, the microbial consortium of BBD-diseased coral colonies in the Red Sea consisted of Oscillatoria sp. (cyanobacteria), Desulfovibrio sp. (SRB), and Arcobacter sp. (SOB). Given the similarity of associated bacteria worldwide, our data suggest that BBD represents a global coral disease with predictable etiology. Furthermore, we provide a baseline assessment of BBD disease prevalence in the Red Sea, a still understudied region. PeerJ Inc. 2018-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6046197/ /pubmed/30013839 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5169 Text en ©2018 Hadaidi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Biogeography Hadaidi, Ghaida Ziegler, Maren Shore-Maggio, Amanda Jensen, Thor Aeby, Greta Voolstra, Christian R. Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title | Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title_full | Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title_fullStr | Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title_full_unstemmed | Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title_short | Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event |
title_sort | ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the red sea during a bleaching event |
topic | Biogeography |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6046197/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30013839 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5169 |
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