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The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance
BACKGROUND: The introduction of the dengue virus (DENV) in Nepal is recent, first reports date back to 2004 from a Japanese traveller and limited information is available about DENV infection in the Nepali population. Within a decade after the first DENV detection, it is now endemic in multiple dist...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6047123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30008269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-018-0284-7 |
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author | Gupta, Birendra Prasad Haselbeck, Andrea Kim, Jerome H. Marks, Florian Saluja, Tarun |
author_facet | Gupta, Birendra Prasad Haselbeck, Andrea Kim, Jerome H. Marks, Florian Saluja, Tarun |
author_sort | Gupta, Birendra Prasad |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The introduction of the dengue virus (DENV) in Nepal is recent, first reports date back to 2004 from a Japanese traveller and limited information is available about DENV infection in the Nepali population. Within a decade after the first DENV detection, it is now endemic in multiple districts of Nepal with approximately 11.2 million people residing in the Terai belt being at risk of DENV infection. Sporadic cases of DENV infection have been reported every year for the past decade during the monsoon season, mainly in the Terai region. METHODS: Medline/Embase/Cochrane databases were reviewed for reports on the burden of dengue infection, diagnostic methods, and national surveillance. RESULTS: Four outbreaks were reported since 2004 including the diagnosis of all serotypes in 2006 and predominance of a single serotype in 2010 (DENV-1), 2013 (DENV-2), and 2016 (DENV-1). The clinical diagnoses showed a predominance of dengue fever while 4/917 (0.4%), 8/642 (1.2%) and 8/1615 (0.4%) dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome cases were identified during the outbreaks in 2010, 2013 and 2016, respectively. The number of cases reported in males was significantly higher (67.4%) than in females. Disease occurrence was primarily found in the Terai region until 2010 and was increasingly detected in the Hilly region in 2016. CONCLUSION: In Nepal currently weak diagnostic facilities, very limited research on mosquitoes vectors, and poor surveillance of dengue leading to inappropriate detection and control of DENV. We surmise that improved basic research and epidemiological training courses for local scientists and laboratory personal at national and international level will help better understand the evolution and distribution of DENV transmission and its eventual control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6047123 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60471232018-07-19 The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance Gupta, Birendra Prasad Haselbeck, Andrea Kim, Jerome H. Marks, Florian Saluja, Tarun Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob Review BACKGROUND: The introduction of the dengue virus (DENV) in Nepal is recent, first reports date back to 2004 from a Japanese traveller and limited information is available about DENV infection in the Nepali population. Within a decade after the first DENV detection, it is now endemic in multiple districts of Nepal with approximately 11.2 million people residing in the Terai belt being at risk of DENV infection. Sporadic cases of DENV infection have been reported every year for the past decade during the monsoon season, mainly in the Terai region. METHODS: Medline/Embase/Cochrane databases were reviewed for reports on the burden of dengue infection, diagnostic methods, and national surveillance. RESULTS: Four outbreaks were reported since 2004 including the diagnosis of all serotypes in 2006 and predominance of a single serotype in 2010 (DENV-1), 2013 (DENV-2), and 2016 (DENV-1). The clinical diagnoses showed a predominance of dengue fever while 4/917 (0.4%), 8/642 (1.2%) and 8/1615 (0.4%) dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome cases were identified during the outbreaks in 2010, 2013 and 2016, respectively. The number of cases reported in males was significantly higher (67.4%) than in females. Disease occurrence was primarily found in the Terai region until 2010 and was increasingly detected in the Hilly region in 2016. CONCLUSION: In Nepal currently weak diagnostic facilities, very limited research on mosquitoes vectors, and poor surveillance of dengue leading to inappropriate detection and control of DENV. We surmise that improved basic research and epidemiological training courses for local scientists and laboratory personal at national and international level will help better understand the evolution and distribution of DENV transmission and its eventual control. BioMed Central 2018-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6047123/ /pubmed/30008269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-018-0284-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Gupta, Birendra Prasad Haselbeck, Andrea Kim, Jerome H. Marks, Florian Saluja, Tarun The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title | The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title_full | The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title_fullStr | The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title_full_unstemmed | The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title_short | The Dengue virus in Nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
title_sort | dengue virus in nepal: gaps in diagnosis and surveillance |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6047123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30008269 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12941-018-0284-7 |
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