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Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review

A body of evidence has revealed positive effects of physical exercise on behavioral, cognitive and physical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, the effect of exercise at the neural level may be particularly relevant as well as it is hypothesized that exercise may stimulate the brain in...

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Autores principales: van der Stouwe, E.C.D., van Busschbach, J.T., de Vries, B., Cahn, W., Aleman, A., Pijnenborg, G.H.M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6050351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30023171
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.018
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author van der Stouwe, E.C.D.
van Busschbach, J.T.
de Vries, B.
Cahn, W.
Aleman, A.
Pijnenborg, G.H.M.
author_facet van der Stouwe, E.C.D.
van Busschbach, J.T.
de Vries, B.
Cahn, W.
Aleman, A.
Pijnenborg, G.H.M.
author_sort van der Stouwe, E.C.D.
collection PubMed
description A body of evidence has revealed positive effects of physical exercise on behavioral, cognitive and physical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, the effect of exercise at the neural level may be particularly relevant as well as it is hypothesized that exercise may stimulate the brain in a way that might normalize neural alterations related to the disorder. The aim of the current systematic review was to provide an up to date overview of studies investigating the neural effects of exercise in individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and healthy individuals. The majority of included studies focused on hippocampal effects, reporting beneficial effects of exercise. In addition, in schizophrenia increased extrastriate body area (EBA) activation and increased white matter fiber integrity in tracts relevant to the disorder were found and in healthy individuals decreased connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) indicating greater cognitive efficiency was reported. Comparing individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and healthy individuals within a similar age range, most studies found similar effects on hippocampal volume and white matter tracts for both groups, although the effect in schizophrenia spectrum disorders may be attenuated which is in line with previous literature on brain plasticity. The current review indicates a lack of studies investigating neural correlates other than the hippocampus. Although those studies that did focus on other neural correlates revealed promising results, these have not been replicated in other studies and call for replication. Furthermore, future studies should expand their focus, by investigating neural mechanisms underlying positive effects of physical exercise on positive symptoms, negative symptoms and symptoms such as depression, social withdrawal and social cognition.
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spelling pubmed-60503512018-07-18 Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review van der Stouwe, E.C.D. van Busschbach, J.T. de Vries, B. Cahn, W. Aleman, A. Pijnenborg, G.H.M. Neuroimage Clin Regular Article A body of evidence has revealed positive effects of physical exercise on behavioral, cognitive and physical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, the effect of exercise at the neural level may be particularly relevant as well as it is hypothesized that exercise may stimulate the brain in a way that might normalize neural alterations related to the disorder. The aim of the current systematic review was to provide an up to date overview of studies investigating the neural effects of exercise in individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and healthy individuals. The majority of included studies focused on hippocampal effects, reporting beneficial effects of exercise. In addition, in schizophrenia increased extrastriate body area (EBA) activation and increased white matter fiber integrity in tracts relevant to the disorder were found and in healthy individuals decreased connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) indicating greater cognitive efficiency was reported. Comparing individuals with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and healthy individuals within a similar age range, most studies found similar effects on hippocampal volume and white matter tracts for both groups, although the effect in schizophrenia spectrum disorders may be attenuated which is in line with previous literature on brain plasticity. The current review indicates a lack of studies investigating neural correlates other than the hippocampus. Although those studies that did focus on other neural correlates revealed promising results, these have not been replicated in other studies and call for replication. Furthermore, future studies should expand their focus, by investigating neural mechanisms underlying positive effects of physical exercise on positive symptoms, negative symptoms and symptoms such as depression, social withdrawal and social cognition. Elsevier 2018-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6050351/ /pubmed/30023171 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.018 Text en © 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
van der Stouwe, E.C.D.
van Busschbach, J.T.
de Vries, B.
Cahn, W.
Aleman, A.
Pijnenborg, G.H.M.
Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title_full Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title_fullStr Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title_short Neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: A systematic review
title_sort neural correlates of exercise training in individuals with schizophrenia and in healthy individuals: a systematic review
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6050351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30023171
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.018
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