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Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by the frequent presence of neuro-cognitive impairment. Recent studies associate cognitive dysfunction with altered resting-state brain connectivity between key nodes of the executive and default-mode networks, two anti-correlated functional networks wh...

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Autores principales: Canessa, Nicola, Castronovo, Vincenza, Cappa, Stefano F., Marelli, Sara, Iadanza, Antonella, Falini, Andrea, Ferini-Strambi, Luigi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30035002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.036
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author Canessa, Nicola
Castronovo, Vincenza
Cappa, Stefano F.
Marelli, Sara
Iadanza, Antonella
Falini, Andrea
Ferini-Strambi, Luigi
author_facet Canessa, Nicola
Castronovo, Vincenza
Cappa, Stefano F.
Marelli, Sara
Iadanza, Antonella
Falini, Andrea
Ferini-Strambi, Luigi
author_sort Canessa, Nicola
collection PubMed
description Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by the frequent presence of neuro-cognitive impairment. Recent studies associate cognitive dysfunction with altered resting-state brain connectivity between key nodes of the executive and default-mode networks, two anti-correlated functional networks whose strength of activation increases or decreases with cognitive activity, respectively. To date no study has investigated a relationship between cognitive impairment in OSA and brain connectivity during an active working-memory challenge. We thus investigated the effect of OSA on working-memory performance and underlying brain connectivity. OSA patients and matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while performing a 2-back working-memory task. Standard fMRI analyses highlighted the brain regions activated at increasing levels of working-memory load, which were used as seeds in connectivity analyses. The latter were based on a multiregional Psycho-Physiological-Interaction (PPI) approach, to unveil group differences in effective connectivity underlying working-memory performance. Compared with controls, in OSA patients normal working-memory performance reflected in: a) reduced interhemispheric effective connectivity between the frontal “executive” nodes of the working-memory network, and b) increased right-hemispheric connectivity among regions mediating the “salience-based” switch from the default resting-state mode to the effortful cognitive activity associated with the executive network. The strength of such connections was correlated, at increasing task-demands, with executive (Stroop test) and memory (Digit Span test) performance in neuro-cognitive evaluations. The analysis of effective connectivity changes during a working-memory challenge provides a complementary window, compared with resting-state studies, on the mechanisms supporting preserved performance despite functional and structural brain modifications in OSA.
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spelling pubmed-60519412018-07-20 Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge Canessa, Nicola Castronovo, Vincenza Cappa, Stefano F. Marelli, Sara Iadanza, Antonella Falini, Andrea Ferini-Strambi, Luigi Neuroimage Clin Regular Article Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by the frequent presence of neuro-cognitive impairment. Recent studies associate cognitive dysfunction with altered resting-state brain connectivity between key nodes of the executive and default-mode networks, two anti-correlated functional networks whose strength of activation increases or decreases with cognitive activity, respectively. To date no study has investigated a relationship between cognitive impairment in OSA and brain connectivity during an active working-memory challenge. We thus investigated the effect of OSA on working-memory performance and underlying brain connectivity. OSA patients and matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning while performing a 2-back working-memory task. Standard fMRI analyses highlighted the brain regions activated at increasing levels of working-memory load, which were used as seeds in connectivity analyses. The latter were based on a multiregional Psycho-Physiological-Interaction (PPI) approach, to unveil group differences in effective connectivity underlying working-memory performance. Compared with controls, in OSA patients normal working-memory performance reflected in: a) reduced interhemispheric effective connectivity between the frontal “executive” nodes of the working-memory network, and b) increased right-hemispheric connectivity among regions mediating the “salience-based” switch from the default resting-state mode to the effortful cognitive activity associated with the executive network. The strength of such connections was correlated, at increasing task-demands, with executive (Stroop test) and memory (Digit Span test) performance in neuro-cognitive evaluations. The analysis of effective connectivity changes during a working-memory challenge provides a complementary window, compared with resting-state studies, on the mechanisms supporting preserved performance despite functional and structural brain modifications in OSA. Elsevier 2018-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6051941/ /pubmed/30035002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.036 Text en © 2018 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Canessa, Nicola
Castronovo, Vincenza
Cappa, Stefano F.
Marelli, Sara
Iadanza, Antonella
Falini, Andrea
Ferini-Strambi, Luigi
Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title_full Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title_fullStr Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title_full_unstemmed Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title_short Sleep apnea: Altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
title_sort sleep apnea: altered brain connectivity underlying a working-memory challenge
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051941/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30035002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.036
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