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Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere

Fungi release spores into the global atmosphere. The emitted spores are deposited to the surface of the Earth by sedimentation (dry deposition) and precipitation (wet deposition), and therefore contribute to the global cycling of substances. However, knowledge is scarce regarding the diversities of...

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Autores principales: Woo, Cheolwoon, An, Choa, Xu, Siyu, Yi, Seung-Muk, Yamamoto, Naomichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29849168
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0160-7
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author Woo, Cheolwoon
An, Choa
Xu, Siyu
Yi, Seung-Muk
Yamamoto, Naomichi
author_facet Woo, Cheolwoon
An, Choa
Xu, Siyu
Yi, Seung-Muk
Yamamoto, Naomichi
author_sort Woo, Cheolwoon
collection PubMed
description Fungi release spores into the global atmosphere. The emitted spores are deposited to the surface of the Earth by sedimentation (dry deposition) and precipitation (wet deposition), and therefore contribute to the global cycling of substances. However, knowledge is scarce regarding the diversities of fungi deposited from the atmosphere. Here, an automatic dry and wet deposition sampler and high-throughput sequencing plus quantitative PCR were used to observe taxonomic diversities and flux densities of atmospheric fungal deposition. Taxon-specific fungal deposition velocities and aerodynamic diameters (d(a)) were determined using a collocated cascade impactor for volumetric, particle-size-resolved air sampling. Large multicellular spore-producing dothideomycetes (d(a) ≥ 10.0 μm) were predominant in dry deposition, with a mean velocity of 0.80 cm s(–1) for all fungal taxa combined. Higher taxonomic richness was observed in fungal assemblages in wet deposition than in dry deposition, suggesting the presence of fungal taxa that are deposited only in wet form. In wet deposition, agaricomycetes, including mushroom-forming fungi, and sordariomycetes, including plant pathogenic species, were enriched, indicating that such fungal spores serve as nuclei in clouds, and/or are discharged preferentially during precipitation. Moreover, this study confirmed that fungal assemblage memberships and structures were significantly different between dry and wet deposition (P-test, p < 0.001). Overall, these findings suggest taxon-specific involvement of fungi in precipitation, and provide important insights into potential links between environmental changes that can disturb regional microbial communities (e.g., deforestation) and changes in precipitation patterns that might be mediated by changes in microbial communities in the atmosphere.
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spelling pubmed-60519942018-07-24 Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere Woo, Cheolwoon An, Choa Xu, Siyu Yi, Seung-Muk Yamamoto, Naomichi ISME J Article Fungi release spores into the global atmosphere. The emitted spores are deposited to the surface of the Earth by sedimentation (dry deposition) and precipitation (wet deposition), and therefore contribute to the global cycling of substances. However, knowledge is scarce regarding the diversities of fungi deposited from the atmosphere. Here, an automatic dry and wet deposition sampler and high-throughput sequencing plus quantitative PCR were used to observe taxonomic diversities and flux densities of atmospheric fungal deposition. Taxon-specific fungal deposition velocities and aerodynamic diameters (d(a)) were determined using a collocated cascade impactor for volumetric, particle-size-resolved air sampling. Large multicellular spore-producing dothideomycetes (d(a) ≥ 10.0 μm) were predominant in dry deposition, with a mean velocity of 0.80 cm s(–1) for all fungal taxa combined. Higher taxonomic richness was observed in fungal assemblages in wet deposition than in dry deposition, suggesting the presence of fungal taxa that are deposited only in wet form. In wet deposition, agaricomycetes, including mushroom-forming fungi, and sordariomycetes, including plant pathogenic species, were enriched, indicating that such fungal spores serve as nuclei in clouds, and/or are discharged preferentially during precipitation. Moreover, this study confirmed that fungal assemblage memberships and structures were significantly different between dry and wet deposition (P-test, p < 0.001). Overall, these findings suggest taxon-specific involvement of fungi in precipitation, and provide important insights into potential links between environmental changes that can disturb regional microbial communities (e.g., deforestation) and changes in precipitation patterns that might be mediated by changes in microbial communities in the atmosphere. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-05-30 2018-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6051994/ /pubmed/29849168 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0160-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Woo, Cheolwoon
An, Choa
Xu, Siyu
Yi, Seung-Muk
Yamamoto, Naomichi
Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title_full Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title_fullStr Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title_full_unstemmed Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title_short Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
title_sort taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051994/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29849168
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0160-7
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