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Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study

BACKGROUND: Statistics indicate that Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality. It is however estimated that there is high rate of perinatal mortality although there is scarcity of data due to a lack of vital registration in the country. This study was conducted with the purp...

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Autores principales: Roro, Elias Merdassa, Sisay, Mitike Molla, Sibley, Lynn M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6052561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30021557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5757-2
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author Roro, Elias Merdassa
Sisay, Mitike Molla
Sibley, Lynn M.
author_facet Roro, Elias Merdassa
Sisay, Mitike Molla
Sibley, Lynn M.
author_sort Roro, Elias Merdassa
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Statistics indicate that Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality. It is however estimated that there is high rate of perinatal mortality although there is scarcity of data due to a lack of vital registration in the country. This study was conducted with the purpose of assessing the determinants and causes of perinatal mortality among babies born from cohorts of pregnant women in three selected districts of North Showa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study used community based data, which is believed to provide more representative and reliable information and also aimed to narrow the data gap on perinatal mortality. METHODS: A community based nested case control study was conducted among 4438 (cohorts of) pregnant women. The cohort was followed up between March 2011 to December 2012 in three districts of Oromia region, Ethiopia, until delivery. The World Health Organization verbal autopsy questionnaire for neonatal death was used to collect data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of perinatal mortality. Causes of deaths were assigned by a pediatrician and neonatologist. Cases are stillbirths and early neonatal death. Control are live births surviving of the perinatal period’ RESULT: A total of 219 newborns (73 cases and 146 controls) were included in the analysis. Perinatal mortality rate was 16.5 per 1000 births. Mothers aged 35 years and above had a higher risk of losing their newborn babies to perinatal deaths than younger mothers [AOR 7.59, (95% CI, 1.91-30.10)]. Babies born to mothers who had a history of neonatal deaths were also more likely to die during the perinatal period than their counterparts [AOR 5.42, (95% CI, 2.27-12.96)]. Preterm births had a higher risk of perinatal death than term babies [AOR 8.58, (95% CI, 2.27-32.38)]. Similarly, male babies were at higher risk than female babies [AOR 5.47, (95% CI, 2.50-11.99)]. Multiple birth babies had a higher chance of dying within the perinatal period than single births [AOR 3.59, (95% CI, 1.20-10.79)]. Home delivery [AOR 0.23, (95% CI, 0.08-0.67)] was found to reduce perinatal deaths. Asphyxia, sepsis and chorioamnionitis were among the leading causes of perinatal deaths. CONCLUSION: This study reported a lower perinatal mortality rate. The main causes of perinatal death identified were often related to maternal factors. There is still a need for greater focus on these interrelated issues for further intervention.
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spelling pubmed-60525612018-07-20 Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study Roro, Elias Merdassa Sisay, Mitike Molla Sibley, Lynn M. BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Statistics indicate that Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality. It is however estimated that there is high rate of perinatal mortality although there is scarcity of data due to a lack of vital registration in the country. This study was conducted with the purpose of assessing the determinants and causes of perinatal mortality among babies born from cohorts of pregnant women in three selected districts of North Showa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study used community based data, which is believed to provide more representative and reliable information and also aimed to narrow the data gap on perinatal mortality. METHODS: A community based nested case control study was conducted among 4438 (cohorts of) pregnant women. The cohort was followed up between March 2011 to December 2012 in three districts of Oromia region, Ethiopia, until delivery. The World Health Organization verbal autopsy questionnaire for neonatal death was used to collect data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of perinatal mortality. Causes of deaths were assigned by a pediatrician and neonatologist. Cases are stillbirths and early neonatal death. Control are live births surviving of the perinatal period’ RESULT: A total of 219 newborns (73 cases and 146 controls) were included in the analysis. Perinatal mortality rate was 16.5 per 1000 births. Mothers aged 35 years and above had a higher risk of losing their newborn babies to perinatal deaths than younger mothers [AOR 7.59, (95% CI, 1.91-30.10)]. Babies born to mothers who had a history of neonatal deaths were also more likely to die during the perinatal period than their counterparts [AOR 5.42, (95% CI, 2.27-12.96)]. Preterm births had a higher risk of perinatal death than term babies [AOR 8.58, (95% CI, 2.27-32.38)]. Similarly, male babies were at higher risk than female babies [AOR 5.47, (95% CI, 2.50-11.99)]. Multiple birth babies had a higher chance of dying within the perinatal period than single births [AOR 3.59, (95% CI, 1.20-10.79)]. Home delivery [AOR 0.23, (95% CI, 0.08-0.67)] was found to reduce perinatal deaths. Asphyxia, sepsis and chorioamnionitis were among the leading causes of perinatal deaths. CONCLUSION: This study reported a lower perinatal mortality rate. The main causes of perinatal death identified were often related to maternal factors. There is still a need for greater focus on these interrelated issues for further intervention. BioMed Central 2018-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6052561/ /pubmed/30021557 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5757-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Roro, Elias Merdassa
Sisay, Mitike Molla
Sibley, Lynn M.
Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title_full Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title_fullStr Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title_short Determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of North Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: Community based nested case control study
title_sort determinants of perinatal mortality among cohorts of pregnant women in three districts of north showa zone, oromia region, ethiopia: community based nested case control study
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6052561/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30021557
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5757-2
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