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Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass

In grassland plant communities, the ability of individual plants to regrow after defoliation is of crucial importance since it allows the restoration of active photosynthesis and plant growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing defoliation intensity (0, 25, 65, 84, and 1...

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Autores principales: Meuriot, Frédéric, Morvan-Bertrand, Annette, Noiraud-Romy, Nathalie, Decau, Marie-Laure, Escobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J, Gastal, François, Prud’homme, Marie-Pascale
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6054246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29931373
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery211
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author Meuriot, Frédéric
Morvan-Bertrand, Annette
Noiraud-Romy, Nathalie
Decau, Marie-Laure
Escobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J
Gastal, François
Prud’homme, Marie-Pascale
author_facet Meuriot, Frédéric
Morvan-Bertrand, Annette
Noiraud-Romy, Nathalie
Decau, Marie-Laure
Escobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J
Gastal, François
Prud’homme, Marie-Pascale
author_sort Meuriot, Frédéric
collection PubMed
description In grassland plant communities, the ability of individual plants to regrow after defoliation is of crucial importance since it allows the restoration of active photosynthesis and plant growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing defoliation intensity (0, 25, 65, 84, and 100% of removed leaf area) on sugar remobilization and N uptake, remobilization, and allocation in roots, adult leaves, and growing leaves of ryegrass over 2 days, using a (15)N tracer technique. Increasing defoliation intensity decreased plant N uptake in a correlative way and increased plant N remobilization, but independently. The relative contribution of N stored before defoliation to leaf growth increased when defoliation intensity was severe. In most conditions, root N reserves also contributed to leaf regrowth, but much less than adult leaves and irrespective of defoliation intensity. A threshold of defoliation intensity (65% leaf area removal) was identified below which C (glucose, fructose, sucrose, fructans), and N (amino acids, soluble proteins) storage compounds were not recruited for regrowth. By contrast, nitrate content increased in elongating leaf bases above this threshold. Wounding associated with defoliation is thus not the predominant signal that triggers storage remobilization and controls the priority of resource allocation to leaf meristems. A framework integrating the sequential events leading to the refoliation of grasses is proposed on the basis of current knowledge and on the findings of the present work.
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spelling pubmed-60542462018-07-25 Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass Meuriot, Frédéric Morvan-Bertrand, Annette Noiraud-Romy, Nathalie Decau, Marie-Laure Escobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J Gastal, François Prud’homme, Marie-Pascale J Exp Bot Research Papers In grassland plant communities, the ability of individual plants to regrow after defoliation is of crucial importance since it allows the restoration of active photosynthesis and plant growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing defoliation intensity (0, 25, 65, 84, and 100% of removed leaf area) on sugar remobilization and N uptake, remobilization, and allocation in roots, adult leaves, and growing leaves of ryegrass over 2 days, using a (15)N tracer technique. Increasing defoliation intensity decreased plant N uptake in a correlative way and increased plant N remobilization, but independently. The relative contribution of N stored before defoliation to leaf growth increased when defoliation intensity was severe. In most conditions, root N reserves also contributed to leaf regrowth, but much less than adult leaves and irrespective of defoliation intensity. A threshold of defoliation intensity (65% leaf area removal) was identified below which C (glucose, fructose, sucrose, fructans), and N (amino acids, soluble proteins) storage compounds were not recruited for regrowth. By contrast, nitrate content increased in elongating leaf bases above this threshold. Wounding associated with defoliation is thus not the predominant signal that triggers storage remobilization and controls the priority of resource allocation to leaf meristems. A framework integrating the sequential events leading to the refoliation of grasses is proposed on the basis of current knowledge and on the findings of the present work. Oxford University Press 2018-07-20 2018-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6054246/ /pubmed/29931373 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery211 Text en © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Papers
Meuriot, Frédéric
Morvan-Bertrand, Annette
Noiraud-Romy, Nathalie
Decau, Marie-Laure
Escobar-Gutiérrez, Abraham J
Gastal, François
Prud’homme, Marie-Pascale
Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title_full Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title_fullStr Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title_full_unstemmed Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title_short Short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and N fluxes in ryegrass
title_sort short-term effects of defoliation intensity on sugar remobilization and n fluxes in ryegrass
topic Research Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6054246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29931373
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery211
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