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Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling
Interest in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a crop for the biobased economy is growing worldwide because hemp produces a high and valuable biomass while requiring low inputs. To understand the physiological basis of hemp's resource-use efficiency, canopy gas exchange was assessed using a chamber t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6055055/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30061905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00951 |
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author | Tang, Kailei Fracasso, Alessandra Struik, Paul C. Yin, Xinyou Amaducci, Stefano |
author_facet | Tang, Kailei Fracasso, Alessandra Struik, Paul C. Yin, Xinyou Amaducci, Stefano |
author_sort | Tang, Kailei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Interest in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a crop for the biobased economy is growing worldwide because hemp produces a high and valuable biomass while requiring low inputs. To understand the physiological basis of hemp's resource-use efficiency, canopy gas exchange was assessed using a chamber technique on canopies exposed to a range of nitrogen (N) and water levels. Since canopy transpiration and carbon assimilation were very sensitive to variations in microclimate among canopy chambers, observations were adjusted for microclimatic differences using a physiological canopy model, with leaf-level parameters estimated for hemp from our previous study. Canopy photosynthetic water-use efficiency (PWUE(c)), defined as the ratio of gross canopy photosynthesis to canopy transpiration, ranged from 4.0 mmol CO(2) (mol H(2)O)(−1) to 7.5 mmol CO(2) (mol H(2)O)(−1). Canopy photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE(c)), the ratio of the gross canopy photosynthesis to canopy leaf-N content, ranged from 0.3 mol CO(2) d(−1) (g N)(−1) to 0.7 mol CO(2) d(−1) (g N)(−1). The effect of N-input levels on PWUE(c) and PNUE(c) was largely determined by the N effect on canopy size or leaf area index (LAI), whereas the effect of water-input levels differed between short- and long-term stresses. The effect of short-term water stress was reflected by stomatal regulation. The long-term stress increased leaf senescence, decreased LAI but retained total canopy N content; however, the increased average leaf-N could not compensate for the lost LAI, leading to a decreased PNUE(c). Although hemp is known as a resource-use efficient crop, its final biomass yield and nitrogen use efficiency may be restricted by water limitation during growth. Our results also suggest that crop models should take stress-induced senescence into account in addition to stomatal effects if crops experience a prolonged water stress during growth. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6055055 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60550552018-07-30 Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling Tang, Kailei Fracasso, Alessandra Struik, Paul C. Yin, Xinyou Amaducci, Stefano Front Plant Sci Plant Science Interest in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) as a crop for the biobased economy is growing worldwide because hemp produces a high and valuable biomass while requiring low inputs. To understand the physiological basis of hemp's resource-use efficiency, canopy gas exchange was assessed using a chamber technique on canopies exposed to a range of nitrogen (N) and water levels. Since canopy transpiration and carbon assimilation were very sensitive to variations in microclimate among canopy chambers, observations were adjusted for microclimatic differences using a physiological canopy model, with leaf-level parameters estimated for hemp from our previous study. Canopy photosynthetic water-use efficiency (PWUE(c)), defined as the ratio of gross canopy photosynthesis to canopy transpiration, ranged from 4.0 mmol CO(2) (mol H(2)O)(−1) to 7.5 mmol CO(2) (mol H(2)O)(−1). Canopy photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE(c)), the ratio of the gross canopy photosynthesis to canopy leaf-N content, ranged from 0.3 mol CO(2) d(−1) (g N)(−1) to 0.7 mol CO(2) d(−1) (g N)(−1). The effect of N-input levels on PWUE(c) and PNUE(c) was largely determined by the N effect on canopy size or leaf area index (LAI), whereas the effect of water-input levels differed between short- and long-term stresses. The effect of short-term water stress was reflected by stomatal regulation. The long-term stress increased leaf senescence, decreased LAI but retained total canopy N content; however, the increased average leaf-N could not compensate for the lost LAI, leading to a decreased PNUE(c). Although hemp is known as a resource-use efficient crop, its final biomass yield and nitrogen use efficiency may be restricted by water limitation during growth. Our results also suggest that crop models should take stress-induced senescence into account in addition to stomatal effects if crops experience a prolonged water stress during growth. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6055055/ /pubmed/30061905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00951 Text en Copyright © 2018 Tang, Fracasso, Struik, Yin and Amaducci. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Tang, Kailei Fracasso, Alessandra Struik, Paul C. Yin, Xinyou Amaducci, Stefano Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title | Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title_full | Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title_fullStr | Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title_full_unstemmed | Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title_short | Water- and Nitrogen-Use Efficiencies of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Based on Whole-Canopy Measurements and Modeling |
title_sort | water- and nitrogen-use efficiencies of hemp (cannabis sativa l.) based on whole-canopy measurements and modeling |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6055055/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30061905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00951 |
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