Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands

The importance of targeting ecological and evolutionary processes in reserve design has been widely acknowledged in the literature but rarely implemented on islands. Using Socotran reptiles as models, we aim to relate richness of widespread and restricted-range species directly with landscape variab...

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Autores principales: Vasconcelos, Raquel, Razgour, Orly, Tarroso, Pedro, Fasola, Mauro, Carranza, Salvador, Alves, Paulo Célio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6057638/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30040840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200830
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author Vasconcelos, Raquel
Razgour, Orly
Tarroso, Pedro
Fasola, Mauro
Carranza, Salvador
Alves, Paulo Célio
author_facet Vasconcelos, Raquel
Razgour, Orly
Tarroso, Pedro
Fasola, Mauro
Carranza, Salvador
Alves, Paulo Célio
author_sort Vasconcelos, Raquel
collection PubMed
description The importance of targeting ecological and evolutionary processes in reserve design has been widely acknowledged in the literature but rarely implemented on islands. Using Socotran reptiles as models, we aim to relate richness of widespread and restricted-range species directly with landscape variables and to compare the impact of setting conservation targets for lineages versus species. Socotra Island is a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site, containing high levels of endemism in relation to its area, especially of reptiles, the vertebrates with the most comprehensive available genetic data. We predicted the occurrences of reptile species using distribution models and used a novel approach to interpolate maps of spatial phylogenetic patterns. Patterns of intra and interspecifc diversity and differences between spatial outputs of lineage and species richness were related to eco-geographic variables. We evaluated differences in target achievement for each conservation unit within protected areas (PAs) under the current Zoning Plan (ZP) using gap and reserve design analyses. Although intraspecific richness was strongly correlated with interspecific richness, differences in their spatial distribution reached ~30% in some areas. Differences were more pronounced for wide-ranging than restricted-range taxa. Gap analysis indicates that most conservation units are under-represented in sanctuaries and that intra and interspecific richness were significantly higher outside PAs. This work will guide local-scale conservation planning as the ZP is due to be re-evaluated. This is one of the few studies on islands using genetic data from an entire class of vertebrates to incorporate lineage diversity in reserve design. This study provides an alternative methodological framework for supporting the use of landscape and genetic tools in reserve design, circumventing the use of phylogenetic distances and deterministic spatial interpolation of lineage diversity that can be widely applied to other systems.
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spelling pubmed-60576382018-08-06 Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands Vasconcelos, Raquel Razgour, Orly Tarroso, Pedro Fasola, Mauro Carranza, Salvador Alves, Paulo Célio PLoS One Research Article The importance of targeting ecological and evolutionary processes in reserve design has been widely acknowledged in the literature but rarely implemented on islands. Using Socotran reptiles as models, we aim to relate richness of widespread and restricted-range species directly with landscape variables and to compare the impact of setting conservation targets for lineages versus species. Socotra Island is a UNESCO Natural World Heritage Site, containing high levels of endemism in relation to its area, especially of reptiles, the vertebrates with the most comprehensive available genetic data. We predicted the occurrences of reptile species using distribution models and used a novel approach to interpolate maps of spatial phylogenetic patterns. Patterns of intra and interspecifc diversity and differences between spatial outputs of lineage and species richness were related to eco-geographic variables. We evaluated differences in target achievement for each conservation unit within protected areas (PAs) under the current Zoning Plan (ZP) using gap and reserve design analyses. Although intraspecific richness was strongly correlated with interspecific richness, differences in their spatial distribution reached ~30% in some areas. Differences were more pronounced for wide-ranging than restricted-range taxa. Gap analysis indicates that most conservation units are under-represented in sanctuaries and that intra and interspecific richness were significantly higher outside PAs. This work will guide local-scale conservation planning as the ZP is due to be re-evaluated. This is one of the few studies on islands using genetic data from an entire class of vertebrates to incorporate lineage diversity in reserve design. This study provides an alternative methodological framework for supporting the use of landscape and genetic tools in reserve design, circumventing the use of phylogenetic distances and deterministic spatial interpolation of lineage diversity that can be widely applied to other systems. Public Library of Science 2018-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6057638/ /pubmed/30040840 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200830 Text en © 2018 Vasconcelos et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Vasconcelos, Raquel
Razgour, Orly
Tarroso, Pedro
Fasola, Mauro
Carranza, Salvador
Alves, Paulo Célio
Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title_full Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title_fullStr Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title_full_unstemmed Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title_short Combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: An approach for islands
title_sort combining molecular and landscape tools for targeting evolutionary processes in reserve design: an approach for islands
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6057638/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30040840
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200830
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