Cargando…

Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders

A substantial body of credible evidence has accumulated that suggest that cannabis use is an important potentially preventable risk factor for the development of psychotic illness and its worse prognosis following the onset of psychosis. Here we summarize the relevant evidence to argue that the time...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sami, Musa Basseer, Bhattacharyya, Sagnik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6058406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29591635
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881118760662
_version_ 1783341688345853952
author Sami, Musa Basseer
Bhattacharyya, Sagnik
author_facet Sami, Musa Basseer
Bhattacharyya, Sagnik
author_sort Sami, Musa Basseer
collection PubMed
description A substantial body of credible evidence has accumulated that suggest that cannabis use is an important potentially preventable risk factor for the development of psychotic illness and its worse prognosis following the onset of psychosis. Here we summarize the relevant evidence to argue that the time has come to investigate the neurobiological effects of cannabis in patients with psychotic disorders. In the first section we summarize evidence from longitudinal studies that controlled for a range of potential confounders of the association of cannabis use with increased risk of developing psychotic disorders, increased risk of hospitalization, frequent and longer hospital stays, and failure of treatment with medications for psychosis in those with established illness. Although some evidence has emerged that cannabis-using and non-using patients with psychotic disorders may have distinct patterns of neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental impairments, the biological underpinnings of the effects of cannabis remain to be fully elucidated. In the second and third sections we undertake a systematic review of 70 studies, including over 3000 patients with psychotic disorders or at increased risk of psychotic disorder, in order to delineate potential neurobiological and neurochemical mechanisms that may underlie the effects of cannabis in psychotic disorders and suggest avenues for future research.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6058406
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher SAGE Publications
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-60584062018-08-10 Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders Sami, Musa Basseer Bhattacharyya, Sagnik J Psychopharmacol Review A substantial body of credible evidence has accumulated that suggest that cannabis use is an important potentially preventable risk factor for the development of psychotic illness and its worse prognosis following the onset of psychosis. Here we summarize the relevant evidence to argue that the time has come to investigate the neurobiological effects of cannabis in patients with psychotic disorders. In the first section we summarize evidence from longitudinal studies that controlled for a range of potential confounders of the association of cannabis use with increased risk of developing psychotic disorders, increased risk of hospitalization, frequent and longer hospital stays, and failure of treatment with medications for psychosis in those with established illness. Although some evidence has emerged that cannabis-using and non-using patients with psychotic disorders may have distinct patterns of neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental impairments, the biological underpinnings of the effects of cannabis remain to be fully elucidated. In the second and third sections we undertake a systematic review of 70 studies, including over 3000 patients with psychotic disorders or at increased risk of psychotic disorder, in order to delineate potential neurobiological and neurochemical mechanisms that may underlie the effects of cannabis in psychotic disorders and suggest avenues for future research. SAGE Publications 2018-03-29 2018-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6058406/ /pubmed/29591635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881118760662 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review
Sami, Musa Basseer
Bhattacharyya, Sagnik
Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title_full Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title_fullStr Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title_full_unstemmed Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title_short Are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? Towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
title_sort are cannabis-using and non-using patients different groups? towards understanding the neurobiology of cannabis use in psychotic disorders
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6058406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29591635
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881118760662
work_keys_str_mv AT samimusabasseer arecannabisusingandnonusingpatientsdifferentgroupstowardsunderstandingtheneurobiologyofcannabisuseinpsychoticdisorders
AT bhattacharyyasagnik arecannabisusingandnonusingpatientsdifferentgroupstowardsunderstandingtheneurobiologyofcannabisuseinpsychoticdisorders