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Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria
There is growing evidence for bacteria playing a role in the pathogenesis and formation of pigmented gallstones from humans. These studies mainly involved cultivation of gallstone-associated bacteria and 16S rRNA profiling, providing an indirect link between processes involved in gallstone formation...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6060111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30046045 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29571-8 |
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author | Kose, S. H. Grice, K. Orsi, W. D. Ballal, M. Coolen, M. J. L. |
author_facet | Kose, S. H. Grice, K. Orsi, W. D. Ballal, M. Coolen, M. J. L. |
author_sort | Kose, S. H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is growing evidence for bacteria playing a role in the pathogenesis and formation of pigmented gallstones from humans. These studies mainly involved cultivation of gallstone-associated bacteria and 16S rRNA profiling, providing an indirect link between processes involved in gallstone formation by the bacteria in-situ. Here, we provide functional metagenomic evidence of a range of genes involved in bile stress response, biofilm formation, and anaerobic energy metabolism by Gram-negative Klebsiella in pigmented gallstones from a 76-year-old male patient. Klebsiella was also present in one cholesterol-type stone in a 30-year-old female patient who had additional cholesterol gallstones characterised by Gram-positive bacteria. Pigmented stones further revealed a predominance of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, whilst cholesterol stones indicated a profile dominanted by protein metabolism possibly reflecting known chemical differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilm matrices. Archaeal genes were not detected. Complementary carbon and hydrogen isotopic analyses of cholesterol within the patients’ stones revealed homogeneity, suggesting a common diet or cholesterol biosynthesis pathway that has little influence on microbial composition. This pilot study provides a framework to study microbial processes that play a potential role in gallstone formation across markedly different types of stones and patient backgrounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6060111 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-60601112018-07-31 Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria Kose, S. H. Grice, K. Orsi, W. D. Ballal, M. Coolen, M. J. L. Sci Rep Article There is growing evidence for bacteria playing a role in the pathogenesis and formation of pigmented gallstones from humans. These studies mainly involved cultivation of gallstone-associated bacteria and 16S rRNA profiling, providing an indirect link between processes involved in gallstone formation by the bacteria in-situ. Here, we provide functional metagenomic evidence of a range of genes involved in bile stress response, biofilm formation, and anaerobic energy metabolism by Gram-negative Klebsiella in pigmented gallstones from a 76-year-old male patient. Klebsiella was also present in one cholesterol-type stone in a 30-year-old female patient who had additional cholesterol gallstones characterised by Gram-positive bacteria. Pigmented stones further revealed a predominance of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, whilst cholesterol stones indicated a profile dominanted by protein metabolism possibly reflecting known chemical differences between Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilm matrices. Archaeal genes were not detected. Complementary carbon and hydrogen isotopic analyses of cholesterol within the patients’ stones revealed homogeneity, suggesting a common diet or cholesterol biosynthesis pathway that has little influence on microbial composition. This pilot study provides a framework to study microbial processes that play a potential role in gallstone formation across markedly different types of stones and patient backgrounds. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6060111/ /pubmed/30046045 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29571-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Kose, S. H. Grice, K. Orsi, W. D. Ballal, M. Coolen, M. J. L. Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title | Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title_full | Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title_fullStr | Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title_full_unstemmed | Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title_short | Metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
title_sort | metagenomics of pigmented and cholesterol gallstones: the putative role of bacteria |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6060111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30046045 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29571-8 |
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