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Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates

Cephalopod and vertebrate neural-systems are often highlighted as a traditional example of convergent evolution. Their large brains, relative to body size, and complexity of sensory-motor systems and behavioral repertoires offer opportunities for comparative analysis. Despite various attempts, quest...

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Autores principales: Shigeno, Shuichi, Andrews, Paul L. R., Ponte, Giovanna, Fiorito, Graziano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6062618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30079030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00952
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author Shigeno, Shuichi
Andrews, Paul L. R.
Ponte, Giovanna
Fiorito, Graziano
author_facet Shigeno, Shuichi
Andrews, Paul L. R.
Ponte, Giovanna
Fiorito, Graziano
author_sort Shigeno, Shuichi
collection PubMed
description Cephalopod and vertebrate neural-systems are often highlighted as a traditional example of convergent evolution. Their large brains, relative to body size, and complexity of sensory-motor systems and behavioral repertoires offer opportunities for comparative analysis. Despite various attempts, questions on how cephalopod ‘brains’ evolved and to what extent it is possible to identify a vertebrate-equivalence, assuming it exists, remain unanswered. Here, we summarize recent molecular, anatomical and developmental data to explore certain features in the neural organization of cephalopods and vertebrates to investigate to what extent an evolutionary convergence is likely. Furthermore, and based on whole body and brain axes as defined in early-stage embryos using the expression patterns of homeodomain-containing transcription factors and axonal tractography, we describe a critical analysis of cephalopod neural systems showing similarities to the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, brain stem, and spinal cord of vertebrates. Our overall aim is to promote and facilitate further, hypothesis-driven, studies of cephalopod neural systems evolution.
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spelling pubmed-60626182018-08-03 Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates Shigeno, Shuichi Andrews, Paul L. R. Ponte, Giovanna Fiorito, Graziano Front Physiol Physiology Cephalopod and vertebrate neural-systems are often highlighted as a traditional example of convergent evolution. Their large brains, relative to body size, and complexity of sensory-motor systems and behavioral repertoires offer opportunities for comparative analysis. Despite various attempts, questions on how cephalopod ‘brains’ evolved and to what extent it is possible to identify a vertebrate-equivalence, assuming it exists, remain unanswered. Here, we summarize recent molecular, anatomical and developmental data to explore certain features in the neural organization of cephalopods and vertebrates to investigate to what extent an evolutionary convergence is likely. Furthermore, and based on whole body and brain axes as defined in early-stage embryos using the expression patterns of homeodomain-containing transcription factors and axonal tractography, we describe a critical analysis of cephalopod neural systems showing similarities to the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, brain stem, and spinal cord of vertebrates. Our overall aim is to promote and facilitate further, hypothesis-driven, studies of cephalopod neural systems evolution. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6062618/ /pubmed/30079030 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00952 Text en Copyright © 2018 Shigeno, Andrews, Ponte and Fiorito. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Shigeno, Shuichi
Andrews, Paul L. R.
Ponte, Giovanna
Fiorito, Graziano
Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title_full Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title_fullStr Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title_full_unstemmed Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title_short Cephalopod Brains: An Overview of Current Knowledge to Facilitate Comparison With Vertebrates
title_sort cephalopod brains: an overview of current knowledge to facilitate comparison with vertebrates
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6062618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30079030
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00952
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